Dharmawangsa: International Journal of the Social Sciences, Education and Humanitis
2716-5132 (Media Cetak) 2723-0783 (Media online) About the Jounal Dharmawangsa International Journal of The Social Sciences, Education and Humanities is a journal published by the Research Institute of Dharawangsa University, Medan. This journal is published periodically three times a year, namely in March, July and November. Articles published in this journal are articles that examine the fields of social science, law, economics, sociology, education, and Humanities. both in the form of conceptual, research findings, books and biographies of figures. The languages used in this journal are English and Arabic. Without reducing scientific weight, this journal accepts written contributions that have never been published in other print media. All articles that enter will go through a peer-review process after fulfilling the requirements according to scientific article writing guidelines.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cover Jurnal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2026 Table of Contents https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Strategic Planning and Digital Engagement: A Theoretical Analysis of Marketing Communication on Instagram (A Case Study of @setangkaiproject)
This study aims to explore the marketing communication strategy implemented by the photography service account @setangkaiproject through Instagram. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach based on Edmund Husserl's framework and analyzed through Planning Theory and the Circular Model of SoMe, this research reveals the strategic planning, implementation, and evaluation processes in digital marketing communication. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with account managers and thematic analysis of Instagram content. The findings indicate that @setangkaiproject's strategy is systematically organized, structured, and consistently implemented. Content planning is conducted through theme development, visual concepts, and color tones aligned with brand identity. Strategy implementation follows the four stages of the Circular Model of SoMe: Share, Optimize, Manage, and Engage. Evaluation based on Instagram insights is used to assess content effectiveness and adjust subsequent strategies. This study concludes that the designed communication strategy successfully supports the formation of a professional image and increases audience interaction and interest in @setangkaiproject's photography services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prabowo Adi Laksono, Prabowo Adi Laksono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Applying IMC and PENCILS Framework: Marketing Communication Strategy for Customer Retention in Local Coffee Shop
This study aims to analyze the conventional marketing communication strategy implemented by Kedai 20 Kopi Karawang in maintaining customer loyalty. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with five informants (owner, manager, marketing staff, barista, cashier), observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that Kedai 20 Kopi applies Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) principles by integrating personal message strategies and conventional media with digital channels. The PENCILS concept (Publications, Events, News, Community Involvement, Identity Tools, Lobbying, Social Investment) is utilized to enhance brand image and emotional closeness with customers. The Four Step model (Fact Finding, Planning, Communication, Evaluation) is implemented systematically in planning and evaluating marketing strategies. Supporting factors include a solid team, strategic location, and community support, while constraints include limited resources, high competition, and challenges in maintaining message consistency. This research contributes to the development of marketing communication science, particularly regarding the integration of conventional and digital strategies in the coffee shop industry
Copyright (c) 2026 Dian Salssabil Al Malik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Meaning of Living Together: A Phenomenological Study of University Students in Bandung, Indonesia
This study aims to explore the construction of meaning behind the phenomenon of living together (cohabitation) among students in Bandung City. Using Edmund Husserl's phenomenological approach, this qualitative research reveals the motives, meanings, and responses of students towards the practice of living with a partner without marriage ties. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with students and analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that the decision to engage in living together is driven by a complex interaction between pragmatic-external motives (such as economic and time efficiency) and personal-emotional motives (such as the need for closeness and compatibility testing). The meanings attributed to this practice vary, ranging from a pre-marital simulation, a violation of norms, an expression of freedom, to a means of developing emotional independence. Although aware of the negative impacts (social stigma, reputation risks, and gender inequality), students still consider the personal benefits of cohabitation. This study concludes that living together for students is a liminal space full of negotiation between traditional and modern values, where meaning is formed subjectively through their direct lived experience (lifeworld).
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Raffi Raditya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF DECORATED SAUN KUTUK LEAVES AND OXYTOCIN MASSAGE ON BREAST MILK PRODUCTION IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS AT SUKAMULYA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER, GARUT REGENCY IN 2025
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of dysmenorrhea cases in 2020 was 1,769,425 individuals, with 90% being female. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia is 54.89% for primary dysmenorrhea and 9.36% for secondary dysmenorrhea. In DKI Jakarta, the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea is 87.5%. Menstrual pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, occurs due to dysrhythmic contractions of the myometrium. The pain often interferes with daily activities, making its impact on adolescent girls particularly significant. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of green coconut water and effleurage massage on reducing the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls at Dewi Medika Primary Clinic in 2025. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The sample consisted of two respondents experiencing primary dysmenorrhea, comparing one who received green coconut water and the other who received effleurage massage. The study was conducted in February 2025. The results showed a reduction in pain intensity in adolescents who experienced primary dysmenorrhea after receiving either green coconut water or effleurage massage. The decrease in pain intensity was more effective and occurred more quickly in the adolescent who received the effleurage massage compared to the one who received green coconut water.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aneu Nurhayati, Aprilya Nency https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY AND PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON THE SLEEP QUALITY OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER AT THE KARANGPAWITAN PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER, GARUT REGENCY IN 2025
Copyright (c) 2026 Puji Sri Fauzi, Agustina Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
EFFECTIVENESS OF FOOT SOAKING AND PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION ON SLEEP QUALITY OF MENOPAUSAL WOMEN AT TEGALGEDE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER GARUT DISTRICT IN 2025
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Nurasiah, Uci Cipiasrini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Persuasive Communication Of The Ruang Pangan Community In Food Rescue Programs
Food waste has become a serious environmental and social issue in Indonesia, encouraging the emergence of community-based initiatives focused on food rescue. This study was conducted to examine how persuasive communication is implemented by the Ruang Pangan community in the Food rescue program to build awareness and understanding among partners and beneficiaries. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, including founders, campaign teams, partners, and beneficiaries, as well as observation and documentation. The findings show that persuasive communication in the Food rescue program is carried out through a gradual and contextual process that emphasizes clarity of messages, audience-oriented language, and direct interaction. Communication with partners focuses on introducing the program’s concept, work mechanism, and social benefits, supported by the use of social media as an initial communication medium and followed by direct meetings to strengthen understanding and trust. Meanwhile, communication with beneficiaries is conducted through face-to-face interaction accompanied by simple educational messages that explain the purpose of food rescue, the origin of surplus food, and its environmental impact. As a result, beneficiaries do not merely receive food assistance but also gain awareness of the value of food and the importance of reducing food waste. Overall, the study concludes that persuasive communication plays a significant role in shaping shared understanding and meaningful participation in community-based food rescue initiatives, contributing to the development of communication studies in the context of social and environmental campaigns.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosa Destriani, Hanindyalaila Pienrasmi, Noning Verawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Change Management in Increasing the Competitiveness of PT. Denta Sumut's Ceiling Sales
This study aims to analyze the role of change management in increasing the competitiveness of ceiling sales at PT. Denta Sumut. Amidst the increasingly competitive building materials industry in North Sumatra, PT. Denta Sumut undertook an organizational transformation to address sales stagnation. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques including participant observation, in-depth interviews with management and sales staff, and a documentary study of company reports. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing using the Miles and Huberman model. The results indicate that the implementation of change management at PT. Denta Sumut played a significant role through three main aspects. First, the transformation of the work culture from a transactional to a relational mindset improved the quality of customer relationships. Second, the digitization of the inventory monitoring and sales reporting systems successfully created operational efficiencies and accelerated lead times. Third, a product differentiation strategy that was more adaptive to local interior design trends expanded the company's market share. Overall, the integrated change management of Human Resources (HR) and information technology has strengthened PT. Denta Sumut's bargaining position and created a sustainable competitive advantage
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Mulyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATIONS TO PROVIDE BEARING CAPACITY FOR ADDITIONAL FLOORS IN THE EAST JAKARTA PPKPPL BUILDING
This study aims to provide recommendations regarding foundations capable of supporting additional floors in the PPKPPL building in East Jakarta. The focus of this study is to assess the feasibility of the existing structure, especially the foundation elements, in line with the planned floor addition. A survey was conducted through visual and technical observations to determine the current condition of the structural elements. Data obtained from the survey were then analyzed using structural calculation methods to determine the foundation's capacity to accommodate gravity and earthquake loads in accordance with applicable standards. The analysis results indicate that the existing foundation's bearing capacity is insufficient to support the planned loads after the floor addition. If there is a mismatch between the foundation capacity and the new loads, recommendations for foundation repair or reinforcement will be provided so that the building can meet safety and comfort standards. It is hoped that this study can provide a basis for making technical decisions regarding additional floors and appropriate foundation reinforcement.
Copyright (c) 2026 kerlima hutagaol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT SYSTEM FOR PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO A GOOD ENVIRONMENT AS REVIEWED FROM LAW NUMBER 32 OF 2009 CONCERNING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
The environmental audit system serves as a tool to protect the right to a healthy environment, as mandated by Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. This includes the declining quality of the environment in Indonesia, which has an impact on public welfare. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the environmental audit system and ensure the protection of the right to a healthy environment. The research framework is based on the theory of environmental auditing and sustainable development, with a normative and empirical juridical approach. The implementation of environmental audits highlights the role of regulations, implementation constraints, and their impact on sustainable development. Environmental audits have been shown to encourage compliance with regulations, identify environmental risks, and provide recommendations for improving environmental management. However, obstacles remain, such as a lack of auditor capacity, misalignment between rules and practices, and low transparency in reporting. Recommendations include strengthening regulations, community engagement, and adopting technology to increase transparency and accountability. This document concludes that environmental audits play a crucial role in protecting the community's right to a healthy environment and supporting the Sustainable Development Goals. Key recommendations include strengthening the legal framework, increasing auditor capacity, and actively engaging the community in environmental oversight. With effective implementation, the environmental audit system can become a strategic instrument to maintain the quality of life of the community and the sustainability of ecosystems in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Endang Sudrajat, Ikomatussuniah Ikomatussuniah, Mas Iman Kusnandar, Firdaus4 Firdaus4, Rani Sri Agustina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
GOVERNMENT ACTION IN THE PREVENTION OF SUSPECTED FRAUD (FRAUD) TRANSFER OF DATA MEMBERSHIP GUARANTEE PROGRAM HEALTH IN LEBAK REGENCY
Health Insurance is a guarantee that participants obtain health care benefits and protection in meeting basic health needs provided to every person who has paid contributions or whose contributions are paid by the government. The existence of fraud (Fraud) in the implementation of Public Health Insurance can be interpreted as an unlawful act committed by people from within and/or outside the organization, with the intention of obtaining personal or group benefits which directly harm other parties, One form of fraud that is detrimental to the community is the transfer of membership data without the knowledge or wishes of the community as participants in the National Health Insurance program. This research aims to analyze government actions in preventing fraudulent transfer of participant data as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of procedural data transfer for National Health Insurance program participants in the Lebak Regency area. The research method used is empirical juridical carried out to obtain clarity and understanding of research problems based on existing reality. The data collection technique involves collecting and reviewing existing regulations, followed by conducting in-depth interviews with office holders who are directly related to the data protection policy for National Health Insurance Program participants. The results of this research show that fraud prevention measures have been taken, but the weak implementation of sanctions according to existing regulations has not had a deterrent effect on the perpetrators. To be more effective and efficient in protecting participation data, support from all elements of society and the injured party is needed to report it so that individuals who commit fraud can immediately be given warnings and sanctions and preventive measures can be taken to prevent repeat cases. The results of this research show that fraud prevention measures have been taken, but the weak implementation of sanctions according to existing regulations has not had a deterrent effect on the perpetrators. To be more effective and efficient in protecting participation data, support from all elements of society and the injured party is needed to report so that individuals who commit fraud can immediately be given warnings and sanctions and preventive measures can be taken to prevent repeat cases It is hoped that this research can evaluate and determine risk mitigation efforts for factors that can influence the occurrence of fraud and as additional literature that can be used by Regional Governments to prevent fraud.
Copyright (c) 2026 Firman Rachmatullah, Mohamad Fasyehhudin Fasyehhudin, Ikomatussuniah Ikomatussuniah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF ACTIVE ARMY MEMBERS IN BRIBERY CRIME IN GOODS AND S ERVICES PROJECT CASES AT THE NATIONAL SEARCH AND RESCUE AGENCY (BASARNAS)
The Corruption Eradication Commission named the Head of Basarnas who is also a member of the Indonesian National Army as a suspect in the procurement of debris detection equipment for the 2021-2023 Fiscal Year. Corruption crimes committed by members of the military always attract attention, especially because of differences of opinion and legal conflicts related to the courts that have the authority to try special cases involving military subjects. The problems in this study are 1) How is the criminal liability of active military members in bribery cases in goods and services projects? 2) How is the enforcement of criminal law in corruption cases involving active military members through connectivity trials? The theories used are the theory of criminal responsibility and the theory of law enforcement. This research is categorized as normative legal research. Normative legal research is based on current laws and regulations. This study uses 3 (three) different approaches: legislation (statute approach), case approach and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that, First, criminal liability for active military members who commit corruption in the form of bribery, in this case Air Marshal Henri Alfiandi, is still considered a soldier even though he also holds a civilian position (Basarnas) in accordance with Article 47 Paragraph (2) of Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Army in conjunction with Law Number 3 of 2025, so that the provisions of military law remain attached and apply to him because according to the law he is not required to resign or retire from active military service. In terms of criminal liability based on Article 66 letter (c) of Law Number 31 of 1997 concerning Military Justice, it explains the settlement and implementation of prosecution of certain criminal cases whose procedures are specifically regulated by coordinating with the Attorney General's Office, Military Police and other law enforcement agencies. Second, enforcement of criminal law for perpetrators of corruption involving members of the Indonesian National Army and civilians who were tried separately. The civilians involved have been sentenced by the Corruption Court. Meanwhile, the 2 (two) perpetrators who are military members have not yet been sentenced by the Military Court. In handling joint connectivity cases with the Military Police, the KPK experienced obstacles/limitations. The KPK could only coordinate with the Military Police in the investigation stage and ended up splitting the case files. The KPK investigated civilian defendants and the Military Police investigated TNI members. The separation of the process of handling corruption crimes seemed to be increasingly protracted due to disharmony in laws and regulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 m.syahriza m.syahriza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
COMPARISON OF WALL MATERIAL EFFICIENCY BETWEEN LIGHTWEIGHT BRICKS AND RED BRICKS IN RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
Wall work is a crucial part of building construction, impacting the cost and time of a project. The selection of wall materials, such as lightweight bricks and red bricks, is crucial for optimal efficiency. This study aims to compare the efficiency of lightweight brick and red brick wall materials in residential construction, in terms of cost and time. The research method used was a comparative descriptive approach with a case study approach on a 100 m² residential construction project. The data analyzed included material costs, labor costs, and the duration of the wall work for each material. The analysis was conducted by comparing the total cost per square meter and the productivity of the work time in the field. The results of the study showed that the total cost of wall work using red brick was Rp145,000/m², while lightweight brick was Rp175,000/m². However, the implementation time using lightweight brick was shorter, which was around 8–9 days compared to red brick which reached 12–13 days. Thus, red brick was more efficient in terms of cost by 17.14%, while lightweight brick was more efficient in terms of time by 30.77%. In conclusion, the choice of wall material should be tailored to project priorities. If the project emphasizes timeliness, lightweight brick is more recommended. However, if the focus is on cost savings, red brick is a more efficient choice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kerlima Hutagaol, March German Samosir2 German Samosir, Imron Saripuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Evaluation Of Design Change Risks On Time And Quality Control In Apartment Projects In Samarinda City
Design change is a common risk in construction projects and can significantly impact the efficiency of time control and work quality. This study aims to evaluate the impact of design change risk on time and quality control in a flat construction project in Samarinda. The research method used is a case study with a quantitative and qualitative descriptive approach, through interviews with the project team and analysis of project documents such as shop drawings, implementation schedules, and work progress reports. The results show that design changes that occurred in structural and architectural work caused a delay of 32 days from the initial schedule (from 365 days to 397 days). In addition, a decrease in quality efficiency was found due to revisions to working drawings and adjustments to technical specifications in the field. This impact can be minimized through the implementation of more intensive design coordination between planning consultants, supervisors, and contractors before work begins. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing design change risk management to maintain time control and quality in construction projects.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kerlima Hutagaol, Maret Jerman Samosir, Boy Sihite, Meliana Nur E https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Legal Protection For Surgeons In The Context Of Informed Consent For Digestive Surgical Procedures At The Banten Regional General Hospital
The background of this research is based on the fact that all medical procedures performed by healthcare professionals require prior consent from the patient. The patient must be fully informed and understand all aspects of the medical procedure. The importance of the equal legal relationship between doctors and patients necessitates knowledge of the protection of their practices and actions to prevent unilateral harm. Therefore, informed consent serves as an instrument of legal protection for doctors, and its forms and implementation are explored. This research employed a normative-empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach, combining literature studies and field data in the form of questionnaires for surgeons. The results showed that although 75% of doctors understood the importance of informed consent as part of professional ethics and legal protection, challenges persisted in its implementation, such as time constraints, lack of patient understanding, and suboptimal internal hospital oversight. Furthermore, it was found that approximately 10% of surgical procedures experienced discrepancies between the initial plan and the final outcome, necessitating re-informed consent to maintain transparency and avoid legal action. This study demonstrates that legal protection for doctors and the implementation of informed consent have been implemented in accordance with applicable legal and ethical standards. However, the researchers also recommend regular and systematic outreach to medical personnel, improvements in documentation and oversight of informed consent implementation in hospitals, and recommendations for re-informed consent if there is a discrepancy between the procedures implemented in all hospitals and regulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adi Rastono, Ferry Fathurokhman, komatussuniah komatussuniah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Techno-Economic Analysis Of Establishing A Seaweed Processing Plant With A Flexible Manufacturing System
Seaweed is a mainstay in the development of the blue economy in Indonesia, with production reaching 8.6 million tons in 2022. In Indonesia, the types of seaweed cultivated are Euchema sp. as a source of carrageenan and Gracilaria sp. which is a type of seaweed often cultivated in ponds as a source of agar. The two types of seaweed have different characteristics, so they have different extraction methods in the processing. Separate process designs for the two types of seaweed are inefficient due to different harvesting patterns. Several processing machines for the two types of seaweed function similarly, so they can be rotated in the processing. With some additional equipment, a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is produced, in which the factory system can process agar-agar and kataginan alternately. This study was conducted to analyze the feasibility of a seaweed factory designed with the FMS model. The analysis was carried out using a financial feasibility method with the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) as a reference indicator. The Capex for the FMS factory with a combined product capacity of 1500 tons/year is estimated at Rp. 60.6 billion with Opex of Rp. 8.65 billion. The factory is projected to generate an average net profit of 9.77%. The investment itself will be recovered between the 7th and 8th year. The establishment and operation of the FNS seaweed factory is deemed feasible with a positive NPV of IDR 28.88 billion, an IRR of 17.81% higher than the WACC of 10.49%, and a PI of 1.42. The break-even point for the factory is reached at a production rate of 667.38 tons per year, or approximately 44.49% of installed capacity. This condition allows the factory to adjust to seaweed harvest patterns to overcome raw material shortages.
Copyright (c) 2026 Edi Djatmika, Hermawan Thaheer, Legis Tsaniyah, Ra’iyatu Imadidin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF MITIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE BITUNG – SERPONG TOLL ROAD ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Roads are a major form of infrastructure that plays a vital role in life. Banten Province is connected by several national roads and toll roads. These national roads and toll roads also connect regencies and cities within the region. With the increasing density of road users, congestion is unavoidable, as these national roads and toll roads are used by vehicles both heading to and leaving Banten Province. Current traffic conditions on toll roads are quite dense (saturated), so to overcome congestion, the construction of alternative roads with a higher level of quality and adequate levels of accessibility and mobility is required. The construction of toll road infrastructure, such as the Bitung-Serpong Toll Road, has a significant impact on the environment. This paper aims to analyze the environmental impacts caused by this toll road construction project, including changes in land use, impacts on ecosystems, pollution, and socio-economic impacts. Through this study, it is hoped that recommendations can be provided for mitigating potential negative impacts.
Copyright (c) 2026 purnama novy novy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Strategies and Projections for Energy Transition in West Java: A Policy Analysis Towards Indonesia’s Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060
This study examines the strategic policy framework for energy transition in West Java Province, Indonesia, aligned with the national Net Zero Emission (NZE) target by 2060. Through a qualitative analysis of provincial policy documents and energy modeling projections, the research outlines the revision process of the Regional General Energy Plan (RUED) in response to updated national directives. The methodology involves content analysis of the 2023 policy dialogue and energy modeling reports from the West Java Energy Office. Key findings highlight a dual strategy focusing on demand-side management through electrification and efficiency, and supply-side transformation via renewable energy maximization and decarbonization technologies such as green hydrogen, biofuels, and carbon capture. The study concludes that achieving NZE requires robust cross-sector collaboration, rational energy pricing, and significant investment in renewable infrastructure, with West Java serving as a critical regional model for Indonesia’s low-carbon transition.
Copyright (c) 2026 Asyrafinafilah Hasanawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of Instagram @Infokopibdl’s Communication Style on Online Engagement
This study aims to examine the influence of communication style on online engagement among the followers of the Instagram account @infokopibdl. The research addresses how a social media brand’s communication approach shapes digital engagement levels. Using a quantitative method, data were collected from 100 respondents through questionnaires. The relationship between variables was analyzed using simple linear regression techniques. The results indicate that the communication style employed by @infokopibdl has a positive and significant effect on online engagement. A friendly, polite, and interactive communication style enhances audience participation, specifically in the form of likes, comments, and content sharing. The study concludes that communication style is a strategic factor in fostering digital interaction. Practically, social media managers are encouraged to maintain consistency in style and use accessible language to build emotional closeness with audiences. Academically, this research provides empirical evidence within the field of communication studies regarding the role of stylistic approach in strengthening brand-audience relationships on digital platforms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rini Oktaviony, Hanindyalaila Pienrasmi, Hanindyalaila Pienrasmi, M. Denu Poyo, M. Denu Poyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Local Human Resource Development Strategy in Facing Industry 4.0 for The Economic Welfare of The Community in Medan City
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings significant transformations in the global production and economic system through the integration of digital technology, artificial intelligence, and automation. Medan City, as one of the main economic centers in Sumatra, faces serious challenges in preparing its local human resources (HR) to face these changes. This study aims to identify the skills gap of local HR in Medan City in the context of Industry 4.0 needs and provide policy recommendations to improve the competitiveness of local HR. The research method uses a mixed-method approach by combining quantitative methods through a survey of 100 local workers and qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with 10 key stakeholders. The results show that only 23% of respondents have a good understanding of Industry 4.0 technology, and 67% have basic digital literacy skills but only 18% have advanced skills. The highest skills gaps are in data analysis and big data interpretation (78%), programming (71%), and cybersecurity (69%). This study formulates an Integrated HR Development Model consisting of 5 main pillars: adaptive formal education, competency-based vocational training, multi-stakeholder collaboration, lifelong learning, and soft skills development. The implementation of the strategy is projected to increase the employability rate by 45%, reduce unemployment from 6.8% to 4.2%, increase average income by 25-35%, and create 15,000-20,000 new jobs in a 5-year period.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Anshar, Mierna Zulkarnain, Rani Rahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Differences In Parents' Perceptions Based On Economic Strata Towards The High School Separation Policy In Bandar Lampung
The tradition of school farewell ceremonies in Indonesia has evolved into a significant academic and social milestone, yet it frequently sparks public controversy due to high implementation costs that burden lower-income families. In response, the Governor of Lampung issued Circular Letter No. 73 of 2025, which regulates these events to ensure they do not impose a financial burden. This study aims to analyze parents' perceptions of this policy and test whether significant differences in perception exist based on socioeconomic strata. Using a quantitative, data were collected through questionnaires from 207 parents in Bandar Lampung, representing diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were analyzed using crosstabulation and the Pearson Chi-Square statistical test to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and perception categories determined through a cut-off point method. The results reveal a highly significant difference in perception between parents from middle-high and middle-low socioeconomic strata (p=0.000). Parents from middle-low backgrounds exhibit overwhelming support (93% positive perception), viewing the policy as a crucial form of economic protection. Conversely, the middle-high group shows a notably higher level of resistance (38% negative perception), reflecting a conflict between policy objectives and the social expectations or prestige values of the upper class. These findings suggest that policymakers must design more inclusive and persuasive communication strategies to minimize sociological resistance and ensure equitable policy implementation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arya Ndaya Dupa, Budhi Waskito, M. Denu Poyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
CRIMINOLOGICAL REVIEW OF CHILDREN WHO COMMIT MURDER AGAINST THEIR FAMILIES
Adolescents often engage in criminal acts, a phenomenon referred to as Juvenile Delinquency. Crimes committed by juveniles are generally minor offenses that mostly cause material harm. However, there are also cases where juveniles commit serious crimes such as murder. What is particularly concerning is that in some cases, the murder is not committed against strangers, but rather involves members of the juvenile’s own family.Problem Identification in This Juridical Research What are the factors that lead juveniles to commit murder against their family members? How can juvenile-perpetrated familial murder be addressed and prevented? This study uses a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach This study explains, first, the factors that lead children to commit acts of murder against their family, using social control theory as the analytical framework. It was found that the most dominant factor is the family's role in child-rearing.Second, efforts to address crimes committed by children who murder family members involve both penal and non-penal approaches, with a greater emphasis on non-penal measures to prevent the recurrence of similar offenses.The conclusion of this study is that juvenile-perpetrated murder against family members is influenced by both internal and external negative factors. The prevention and control of crimes committed by children should not be the sole responsibility of the state; rather, society must also play an active role in educating children as part of non-penal efforts to prevent juvenile crime. "The researcher suggests that the Ministry of Social Affairs is expected to strengthen intervention programs for at-risk families, including providing assistance to children living in dysfunctional family environments, in order to prevent aggressive behavior. It is also hoped that law enforcement will impose penalties in accordance with the applicable laws." Keywords: Criminology, Juveline Murdered, Family.
Copyright (c) 2026 eva Hudaefah Hudaefah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on the Performance of Employees of the Belawan Customs Supervision and Service Office in Medan, North Sumatra
A strategic factor to improve the performance of public sector organizations is the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). The purpose of this study was to look at how transparency (X1), accountability (X2), responsibility (X3), and independence (X4) affect organizational performance (Y). This study was conducted with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 133 respondents and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed the regression equation as follows: Y = 2.135 + 0.312X1 + 0.284X2 + 0.256X3 + 0.298X4. According to the t-test, transparency (t = 3.842; p = 0.000), accountability (t = 3.517; p = 0.001), responsibility (t = 3.24; p = 0.002), and independence had a positive and partially significant impact on organizational performance. The value of Fcal = 45.673 with p = 0.000 (<0.05) indicates that all independent variables affect the company's performance simultaneously. A determination coefficient (R2) of 0.588 indicates that GCG variables may be responsible for 58.8% of organizational performance variations, while 41.2% are due to other factors outside the model. The result is that the correct implementation of GCG can result in continuous improvement in organizational performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 amy teuku, zulkifli taib https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT CV. SUGIH KOTA SIBOLGA
This study aims to determine the effect of intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction on employee performance at CV. Sugih Kota Sibolga. The background of this study is based on the importance of human resources as a key asset of the company, especially in the fisheries sector, which requires employees to have high work enthusiasm and job satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative approach with a comparative causal method. The sample in this study consisted of 38 employees, selected using total sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire compiled based on indicators from each variable. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that intrinsic motivation had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, as indicated by a significance value of 0.032 (< 0.05). Similarly, job satisfaction also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with a significance value of 0.019 (< 0.05). Simultaneously, intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction have a significant effect on employee performance with a coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.370. This is also supported by the F test results, which show a significance value of 0.001 (< 0.05), so that the regression model as a whole is suitable for predicting employee performance, while the hypothesis results are that intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance. Keywords: Intrinsic motivation; job satisfaction; employee performance; CV. Sugih Kota Sibolga
Copyright (c) 2026 ARIMAN HAKIM HAKIM https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
LITERATURE REVIEW: PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS OF THE ROLE OF PHARMACISTS IN PHARMACIES
The role of pharmacists in community pharmacies is evolving from product-oriented to pharmaceutical care. However, the success of this role expansion is greatly influenced by public perception, expectations, and trust in pharmacists. Objective: This literature review aims to examine public perception of the role of pharmacists in pharmacies and summarize the factors that influence it as a basis for strengthening the quality of pharmaceutical services. Method: The study used a literature review design. Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar using keywords related to public/patient perceptions of the role of pharmacists in pharmacies. Articles were screened based on inclusion-exclusion criteria, duplicates were removed, then data extraction (author/year, location, design, sample, instrument, findings) and thematic narrative synthesis were performed. Results: In general, public perception of the role of pharmacists tends to be quite good, especially in prescribing services and providing drug information. However, understanding of the clinical role of pharmacists (comprehensive counseling and therapy monitoring) is still not optimal, so that the role of pharmacists is often perceived as limited to drug dispensing. Cross-country studies show that public perception is generally positive towards pharmacist competence, but the level of public trust in pharmacists as drug therapy consultants is relatively lower than that of doctors. Educational factors, interaction experience, and communication quality influence perception and trust. Conclusion: Public perception of pharmacists in pharmacies is relatively good, but traditional roles are still dominant. Strengthening the clinical role requires more consistent counseling, pharmacist visibility in service areas, and public education on the benefits of comprehensive pharmaceutical services. Keywords: public perception; pharmacist; community pharmacy; pharmaceutical services; pharmaceutical care.
Copyright (c) 2026 HESTY Sundari Agustin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
MANAGEMENT OF THE PALAMPITAN PUBLIC PASSENGER TRANSPORT TERMINAL AT THE TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT OF NORTH HULU SUNGAI REGENCY
Management is a process of helping to formulate a policy and organizational goals or processes that provide oversight to something involved in the implementation and achievement of goals. Based on initial observations of the management of the Palampitan public passenger car terminal, there are problems, namely, the facilities at the terminal are not supported, the terminal yard is not clean enough, human resources are lacking, and the budget for managing the terminal is very minimal. Based on the above, this study aims to determine the management of the Palampitan public passenger car terminal, inhibiting factors and efforts made in improving the management of the Palampitan public passenger car terminal at the Department of Transportation of North Hulu Sungai Utara. This study used a qualitative research method with a qualitative descriptive research type. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Sources of data were taken through the withdrawal of informants by purposive sampling of 10 people. After the data is collected, it is then analyzed using techniques including data reduction, data presentation and verification or drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the management of thePalampitan public passenger car terminal cannot be said to be good. Indicators that are not good can be seen from indicators of program accuracy, maintenance of public facilities and supporting facilities, officers working according to their duties, officers working according to their responsibilities, working with discipline, efficient implementation, monitoring of terminal orderliness, and the monitoring system at the terminal. In addition, the driving factor for the management of the Palampitan public passenger car terminal is data accuracy and non-overlapping. The inhibiting factors are the lack of human resources, the lack of budget for the terminal, the inadequate facilities and the lack of supervision. Efforts have been made to improve terminal maintenance which has not been maximized and to increase the budget to maximize terminal facilities. In order to optimize the management of the terminal, it is expected that the head of the Department of Transportation should provide guidance to subordinates so that they can work more responsibly, be disciplined and pay more attention to the Palampitan public passenger car terminal. The head of the transportation and terminal section needs to carry out monitoring, evaluation and reporting of activities to ensure that the implementation of activities at the terminal stays on track according to program planning. For the driver to pay more attention to his service, especially in terms of bringing city transportation and pay attention to the safety of passengers. Keywords: The Palampitan Public Passenger Transport Terminal, The Transport Department
Copyright (c) 2026 HAJI MUKTI RAMADHANI, Riswandi Ahdiat, Siti Salehah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPER-PRIORITY TOURISM TO BOOST ECONOMIC GROWTH IN LABUAN BAJO
This research analyzed the development strategies of super priority tourism in increasing economic growth in Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai Regency. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The research informants include local government officials, tourism business actors, MSME actors, and local communities around tourist destinations. The data were analyzed using SWOT analysis to identify internal and external factors influencing the development of super priority tourism. The results indicate that Labuan Bajo has significant strengths, such as world-class natural and cultural tourism potential, strong government policy support, and improved tourism infrastructure. Opportunities include increasing domestic and international tourist interest and strong support from central government programs. However, several weaknesses and threats were identified, including limited human resource quality, economic disparities among local communities, and environmental pressures. The appropriate development strategy is to optimize tourism potential through infrastructure enhancement, MSME empowerment, human resource development, tourism promotion digitalization, and the implementation of sustainable tourism principles. The development of super priority tourism in Labuan Bajo has positively contributed to regional economic growth and improved local community welfare.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reinaldo putra chanai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE APPLICATION OF DISCONTINUATION OF PROSECUTION BASED ON RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN RELATION TO JOINT CRIMES OF RECEIVING STOLEN GOODS AT THE CILEGON DISTRICT PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE
Termination of prosecution based on Restorative Justice is carried out by taking into account the interests of victims and other protected legal interests, avoidance of negative stigma, avoidance of retaliation, response and harmony of society, propriety, morality, and public order. There are indications of problems, namely, first, how is the authority of the Republic of Indonesia Prosecutor's Office in terminating prosecution based on restorative justice and second, how is the application of termination of prosecution based on restorative justice to criminal acts of receiving goods carried out jointly at the Cilegon District Prosecutor's Office. This research is a normative juridical research, so the approach used is a case study research approach. The data obtained are analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that the Prosecutor's Authority in terminating prosecution of criminal cases based on restorative justice is a form of attribution authority, namely authority derived from statutory regulations in this case the Prosecutor's Law and the Termination of Prosecution Regulation because the Public Prosecutor as the case master (dominus litis) has broad authority in resolving criminal cases. The presence of Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning the termination of prosecution based on Restorative Justice expands the Authority of the Prosecutor in Terminating Cases in the Criminal Procedure Code and expands the Interpretation of the Explanation of Public Interest or in the Interest of Law, of course through a Restorative Justice approach that prioritizes Peace Efforts to compensate for the rights of victims rather than retaliation and the Application of termination of prosecution based on restorative justice for criminal acts of receiving bribes carried out jointly at the Cilegon District Attorney's Office, especially in the case of Hermansyah Maja, et al., who were suspected of violating Article 480 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 55 Paragraph (1) Ke-1 of the Criminal Code, prosecution should be able to be terminated based on restorative justice because it has fulfilled the requirements as stipulated in Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning termination of prosecution based on Restorative Justice and there has been peace between the victims and the suspects so that it is in accordance with the purpose of restorative justice, namely to restore the original situation. In addition, the Cilegon District Attorney's Office during the period 2023 to 2025 has terminated prosecution based on restorative justice in 9 (nine) cases so that the authority of the Republic of Indonesia Attorney General's Office in terminating prosecution based on restorative justice is still considered effective and efficient in resolving conflicts in society by involving all related parties (perpetrators, victims, families, and the community) as a real form of humanistic and modern law enforcement, which focuses on restoring the original state, not merely revenge (retributive).
Copyright (c) 2026 agus ahmad alisy, Ferry Fathurokhman, Dadang Herli Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Case Study Literature Review (Sclr) Effectiveness Of Lavender Aromatherapy And Thought-Stopping Therapy To Reduce Anxiety In Primary Post-Partum Mothers At Tarogong Public Health Center, Garut City In 2025
The postpartum period is the beginning of a new family for young families, so it is necessary to adapt to their new roles, because family responsibilities increase with the birth of their baby. A holistic approach involving education, psychological support, and monitoring of maternal mental health during the postpartum period is needed to reduce the risk of psychological disorders and ensure the well-being of both mother and baby. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy and thought stopping therapy as an effort to reduce anxiety in primiparous postpartum mothers. This type of research is a Pre-Experimental Design using One Group Pre-test and Post-Test Design. In this study, there were 2 samples where 1 sample used lavender aromatherapy intervention and 1 sample thought stopping therapy intervention. The study was conducted at PKM Tarogong and was conducted in August 2025. The study used univariate analysis to describe midwifery care and to determine the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy with thought stopping therapy on reducing anxiety levels of primiparous postpartum mothers at PKM Tarogong in 2025. The results showed that both interventions were equally effective in reducing anxiety levels of primiparous postpartum mothers. Thought-stopping therapy reduced anxiety scores by 13 points within 3 days, while lavender aromatherapy reduced anxiety scores by 12 points within 7 days. Thus, thought-stopping therapy was deemed quantitatively more effective and faster in reducing anxiety, while lavender aromatherapy remains relevant as a safe and easy-to-implement complementary therapy. Suggestions for primiparous postpartum mothers are expected to increase their knowledge about non-pharmacological anxiety reduction methods such as lavender aromatherapy and thought-stopping therapy
Copyright (c) 2026 Mulia Fujianty, Hidayani Hidayani, Lina Nurul Izza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Oatbits Biscuits (Oat 8 Choco Hazel) and SGM Bunda Milk on Weight Gain in First-Trimester Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency at the Public Maternity Hospital in Bogor in 2024
Chronic Energy Deficiency (KEK) in pregnant women is a condition of pregnant women due to an imbalance in energy and protein nutrient intake, so that the substances needed by the body are not met. There are two non-pharmacological efforts made in the prevention of KEK, namely by providing Oatbits Biscuits (Oat 8 Choco Hazel) and SGM Bunda Milk. To determine the effect of providing oatbits biscuits (Oat 8 Choco Hazel) and SGM Bunda milk on weight gain in pregnant women in the first trimester with KEK (Chronic Energy Deficiency) at PMB S in Bogor in 2024. Data collection used observation techniques by directly observing the objects to be studied which were then collected in a note. The results of this study on respondent I, the weight of the first visit was 40 kg with a LiLa of 21 cm (KEK), on the second visit the weight was 43 kg and on the third visit the weight was 45 kg and LiLa 22.5 cm (KEK). Respondent II's weight at the first visit was 50 kg and LiLa 22 cm (KEK), on the second visit the weight was 55 kg and on the third visit the weight was 56 kg and LiLa 24.5 cm (not KEK). Pregnant women in the first trimester with KEK who were given SGM Bunda milk intervention experienced faster weight gain compared to those given oatbits biscuits (Oat 8 Choco Hazel) intervention. For further studies, it is hoped that the frequency of consumption of oatbits biscuits (Oat 8 Choco Hazel) can be increased to two or three packs a day so that weight gain in pregnant women in the first trimester with KEK is greater and can reduce the incidence of pregnant women with KEK in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Riska Meca Dwikusrini, Putri Agus Febriyani, Meinasari Kurnia Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Representation of the Father’s Silent Treatment in the Film Dear Nathan: A Roland Barthes Semiotic Analysis
ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the representation of the father’s silent treatment in the film Dear Nathan, as well as to reveal the meanings constructed through this communication pattern. The research employs a qualitative method with a semiotic analysis approach. The analysis is based on the framework of denotation, connotation, and myth to interpret selected scenes that depict interactions between Nathan and his father. Data were collected through documentation techniques by repeatedly watching and observing relevant scenes, as well as identifying visual signs, verbal expressions, and cinematographic elements that represent silence as a form of communication. The analysis focuses on how these signs construct meaning within the narrative of the film. The results show that the father’s silent treatment is not merely an act of remaining silent or refusing to speak, but contains symbolic meanings such as emotional distance, authority, disappointment, and control within the family structure. At the level of myth, the film reflects and simultaneously reproduces an ideology that portrays the father as a firm figure with minimal emotional expression. This study concludes that film plays a role in constructing and naturalizing certain patterns of family communication while also opening space for critical reflection on their emotional impact. Keywords: film analysis, father figure, masculinity, representation, semiotics, silent treatment.
Copyright (c) 2026 MUHAMMAD BUCKY Al Farizi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Construction of the Use of Social Media in Coastal Communities, Belawan District, Medan City
Digital technology, especially social media, can now be considered a platform for people to exchange ideas, information, lifestyles, socialize, and other things. In addition, it has brought significant changes to various aspects of people's lives, including in coastal areas. Social media not only functions as a means of communication but also as an important platform for various social, economic, and cultural activities. The Belawan District, which is a coastal area in the city of Medan, has a unique community, with the majority of its population depending on the fisheries, trade, and small and medium-sized businesses for their livelihoods. In coastal communities, social media has been utilized as a tool for interaction and information to promote businesses. Fishermen, dealers, and local groups have begun to adapt social media as a strategy to expand their networks and increase their income. However, this will be difficult to implement. Even though the use of social media is increasing, there are still various challenges, such as limited internet access, low digital literacy, and the potential for negative impacts, such as the spread of hoaxes and uneducational content, which can lead to the decline of children in coastal areas. The urgency of this research lies in the need to understand how social media can be effectively utilized in the lives of coastal communities to overcome the various problems they face. This study aims to examine how social media is used among coastal communities in Belawan District, including the factors that influence its use, the impacts it has, and the opportunities that can be exploited to improve their welfare. The research method used to solve this problem is qualitative research.
Copyright (c) 2026 zulkifli zulkifli, muzayanah muzayanah, muzayanah muzayanah, muya syaroh iwanda, muya syaroh iwanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment, Work Motivation, and Organizational Culture on Employee Performance in Indonesian Private Companies
Employee performance is a key determinant of organizational success in achieving its strategic goals. This study aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, work motivation, and organizational culture on employee performance in private companies in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey design, this study involved 320 employees from 18 private companies in Medan City, North Sumatra, selected through a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results showed that transformational leadership had a positive and significant effect on employee performance (β = 0.312; p < 0.001), organizational commitment had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.274; p < 0.001), work motivation had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.198; p < 0.01), and organizational culture had a positive and significant effect (β = 0.167; p < 0.05) on employee performance. Simultaneously, the four independent variables explained 68.4% of the variance in employee performance (R² = 0.684). Transformational leadership proved to be the strongest predictor of employee performance. The findings of this study provide important implications for human resource management practices in Indonesian private companies, particularly in developing transformative leaders, strengthening employee commitment and motivation, and building an adaptive and high-achieving organizational culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syaiful Amri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation, And Organizational Commitment As Determinants Of Employee Performance: A Dual Mediation Study In The Indonesian Banking Sector
This study investigates the transmission mechanism linking transformational leadership to employee performance through two parallel mediation pathways: work motivation and organizational commitment. Unlike prior studies that examine mediators in isolation, this research explicitly compares the relative strength of both pathways to identify the dominant psychological mechanism within the context of Indonesian banking organizations — a setting that has been consistently underrepresented in the international leadership literature. Using a cross-sectional survey design and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-AMOS) with 385 commercial bank employees selected through stratified random sampling across five Indonesian regions, this study finds: (1) transformational leadership exerts a significant direct effect on employee performance (β = 0.421; p < 0.001); (2) work motivation mediates the relationship with an indirect effect of 0.168 (95% BCa-CI: 0.091–0.263); (3) organizational commitment mediates with an indirect effect of 0.142 (95% BCa-CI: 0.073–0.231); and (4) the pathway through work motivation is statistically stronger than the commitment pathway (contrast = 0.026; p < 0.05). The model explains R² = 0.684 of the variance in employee performance. These findings carry direct implications for the design of leadership training programs and performance management systems in banking institutions
The Institutionalization Paradox Of Political Parties: A Case Study Of Golkar (2020-2024)
The issue of political party governance is intriguing to study in depth and holistically, especially from an academic perspective, specifically examining the governance of the Golkar party in North Sumatra when led by Musa Rajekshah, which is aligned with the transformation of the new Golkar paradigm, positioning Golkar as a modern political party that is program-oriented and problem-solving oriented. This study aims to analyse the institutionalization of the Party in North Sumatra for the period 2020-2024. This research employs a descriptive qualitative research design using a case study method. Understanding the chronological sequence of events, the data obtained were analysed based on the Political Party Institutionalization theory of Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand, as well as neo-institutional theory. Based on the findings and analysis, it shows that the Party for the period 2020-2024 has a well-described level of institutionalization, referring to the process by which a political party becomes stable, independent, and has strong roots both internally and externally in society, making it an institution that operates based on clear rules and ideology. Thus, the writer concludes that the victory of Golkar Party in North Sumatra during the 2024 Legislative Election was due to the implementation of good party institutionalization, strengthened by
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahman Tahir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VILLAGE FINANCIAL SYSTEM (SISKEUDES) IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN NAGORI PAMATANG ASILOM GUNUNG MALELA SUBDISTRICT SIMALUNGUN REGENCY
This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) in village financial management and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation in Nagori Pamatang Asilom, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants consist of Pangulu, Nagori Secretary as Siskeudes operator, Kaur Keuangan, Head of BPD, Village Facilitator, and Head of PMN Gunung Malela District. The research results show that the implementation of the Village Financial Management System (Siskeudes) in Pamatang Asilom Village has been running well in the planning, implementation, and administration stages, as well as reporting and accountability of village finances. The implementation of Siskeudes helps the village government record financial transactions in an orderly manner, compile reports systematically, and increase transparency and accountability in village financial management. However, several obstacles remain in its implementation, including limited internet and VPN networks, power outages, and limited human resources in operating the Siskeudes application. To overcome these obstacles, the village government has undertaken various efforts such as coordinating with village facilitators, participating in training and technical guidance, improving supporting facilities, and conducting regular data backups. Keywords: Implementation, Siskeudes, Village Financial Management, Nagori.
Copyright (c) 2026 sri wardani, Kariaman sinaga, muzayanah Depari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF PRICE NEGOTIATION STRATEGIES WITH CUSTOMERS AT A FASHION, ACCESSORIES AND HIJAB STORE (A Study Of Tasya Collection)
This research analysed the price negotiation strategies employed at Tasya Collection, a fashion business specializing in the sale of hijabs and women’s accessories. The negotiation process between sellers and buyers is the primary focus, as many customers have complained about prices being higher than those found in online shops, as well as a lack of flexibility in bargaining. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through direct observation and the author’s four years of work experience at the shop. The findings indicate that current price negotiation strategies remain limited, with a maximum discount of only Rp 5,000, regardless of customer loyalty or purchase volume. This strategy is considered ineffective in maintaining customer satisfaction and enhancing the shop’s competitiveness. Therefore, it is recommended that the shop owner adopt a more flexible and responsive negotiation approach to better meet consumer needs. Keywords: price negotiation, sales strategy, customer satisfaction, fashion shop, Tasya Collection
Copyright (c) 2026 Pelly wartini Nst, Teuku Fahmi, Asrindah Nst https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AND MANAGERIAL PRACTICES IN ENHANCING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT CLOTHING MANUFACTURING MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (UMKM) IN MEDAN DENAI: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
This study aims to analyze the role of organizational culture and company managerial practices in improving employee performance in convection MSMEs in Medan Denai. In the context of increasingly fierce business competition, MSMEs are required to not only rely on production capabilities but also strengthen internal organizational aspects, particularly work culture and effective managerial practices. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of business owners and employees of convection MSMEs. The research results show that a strong organizational culture, such as discipline, teamwork, and responsibility, plays a crucial role in shaping employee work behavior. Furthermore, managerial practices including open communication, motivation, and a flexible supervisory system have been shown to significantly improve employee performance. The combination of a positive organizational culture and adaptive managerial practices is a key factor in improving employee productivity and work quality. This research provides implications that convection MSMEs need to consciously build a conducive organizational culture and implement effective managerial practices to achieve optimal employee performance. Keywords: Organizational culture, managerial practices, employee performance, MSMEs, qualitative research
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafira Maulida Hasni, sri Mulyani, teguh dwi putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY SOCIAL CARE (PPKM) MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING COMMUNITY WELFARE IN SENGON SARI VILLAGE, AEK KUASAN DISTRICT, ASAHAN REGENCY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Community welfare improvement in villages does not only depend on government policies but also requires active participation from society through community-based social initiatives. One such initiative is the Al Ikhlas Community Social Care Management (PPKM) Program in Sengon Sari Village, Aek Kuasan District, Asahan Regency. This study aims to analyze the strategies of PPKM Al-Ikhlas in improving community welfare, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and explain the contribution of PPKM Al-Ikhlas to social and economic development. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings show that PPKM Al-Ikhlas applies participatory strategies, deliberation, and direct services to the community. Supporting factors include strong social solidarity and trust, while inhibiting factors involve limited financial resources and uneven participation. The program contributes positively to fulfilling basic needs and strengthening social solidarity, complementing the role of village government in welfare improvement. Keywords: Community Welfare, PPKM, Social Solidarity, Village Development
Copyright (c) 2026 Pendi Santoso, Pendi Santoso, Fandi Alfiansyah Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Age Of Menarche And Parity With The Incidence Of Breast Cancer In The Oncology Surgery Room Of General Ahmad Yani Regional Hospital, Metro City
Breast cancer is a disease in which breast cells grow uncontrollably and form tumors. Breast cancer is a non-communicable disease but is a deadly disease for women, (WHO, 2024) According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2022, there were 2.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer. Based on Globocan data in 2020, the number of new cases of breast cancer in Indonesia in 2020 reached 16.6% or 65,858 cases out of a total of 396,914 new cases. This study generally aims to determine the relationship between age at menarche and parity with the incidence of breast cancer in the Oncology Surgery Room of General Ahmad Yani Regional Hospital, Metro City. This study is a quantitative study with a case-control study design. Data collection was carried out through interviews and reviewing medical records. The case population was all mothers diagnosed with breast cancer in the Oncology Surgery Room, the control population was all mothers who were not diagnosed with breast cancer in the Oncology Surgery Room, the research sample consisted of 80 respondents consisting of 40 case samples and 40 control samples, taken by accidental sampling technique. The analysis used univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using the chi square test by determining the 95% confidence level. The results of the study on mothers with breast cancer (case group) obtained a proportion of menarche age of 65% and a proportion of parity of 55.0%. The results of the statistical test showed a relationship between menarche age p value = 0.007 and OR 3.857 and parity p value = 0.001 and OR = 5.762. The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between menarche age and parity with the incidence of breast cancer. Researchers hope that hospitals can provide education to patients and the community regarding menarche age, parity and other risk factors related to breast cancer in order to minimize the occurrence of breast cancer
Copyright (c) 2026 Qoonitah Qothrunnadaa, Sadiman Sadiman, Martini Fairus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0