Dharmawangsa: International Journal of the Social Sciences, Education and Humanitis
2716-5132 (Media Cetak) 2723-0783 (Media online) About the Jounal Dharmawangsa International Journal of The Social Sciences, Education and Humanities is a journal published by the Research Institute of Dharawangsa University, Medan. This journal is published periodically three times a year, namely in March, July and November. Articles published in this journal are articles that examine the fields of social science, law, economics, sociology, education, and Humanities. both in the form of conceptual, research findings, books and biographies of figures. The languages used in this journal are English and Arabic. Without reducing scientific weight, this journal accepts written contributions that have never been published in other print media. All articles that enter will go through a peer-review process after fulfilling the requirements according to scientific article writing guidelines.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cover of Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2025 Table of Contents https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Decriminalization of medical hashish use for the treatment of epilepsy patients in indonesia
Legal policies in several countries have legalized the use of cannabis for medical purposes, while in Indonesia the law still prohibits the use of cannabis for medical purposes because it is still placed in the type of narcotics Schedule I. This condition shows that the law is not responsive, not adaptive to the needs of society, namely patients with certain diseases who need drugs containing medical cannabis to cure their illnesses. The purpose of the study is: what is the urgency of regulating medical cannabis for the treatment of epilepsy in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hernanda Priambudi, Aan Asphianto, Ahmad Fauzi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of Da'wah Content on Social Media on Generation Z's Religious Understanding at STAI Balikpapan
This study aims to determine the influence of da'wah content on social media on the religious understanding of generation Z, with the research subject of students of the Islamic Religious College (STAI) Balikpapan. The background of this research is based on the increasing use of social media as a medium for spreading da'wah among the younger generation. The method used is a quantitative method with a survey approach. The sample in this study amounted to 30 students who were selected purposively, with active criteria using social media and included in the age category of Generation Z. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, and data analysis was carried out by simple linear regression test. The results of the study showed that there was no significant influence between da'wah content on social media on students' religious understanding. These findings indicate that exposure to da'wah content on social media has not been effective enough in increasing religious understanding among the younger generation. Therefore, it is recommended that da'wah content be packaged in a more attractive, interactive, and tailored to the characteristics of Generation Z to increase the effectiveness of the religious message conveyed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Annisa Yuniar Fakhiriyah, Iskandar Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of the Habit of Reading the Qur'an on the Peace of Mind of Class X Students at SMAIT Tri Sukses Generus Balikpapan
In contemporary life, especially during adolescence, the need for inner peace has become increasingly important. Engaging in reading the Qur'an is seen as a spiritual practice that is considered to foster tranquility. This study seeks to assess the impact of the habit of reading the Qur'an on students' mental calm. This study uses a quantitative descriptive methodology through a survey approach. This study involved 30 students of class X of SMAIT Tri Sukses Generus Balikpapan, selected using the total sample method. The data collection tool used a 4-point Likert scale questionnaire and was analyzed through a basic descriptive statistical method. The results of the study show that the habit of reading the Qur'an is categorized as sufficient, while the peace of mind of students is also classified as sufficient. This signifies that, although the habit of reading the Qur'an is not entirely habitual or ideal, it contributes positively to emotional stability and inner calm. Engaging in the recitation of the Qur'an has been shown to improve the formation of religious character and psychological balance among students. This study is expected to be a reference for educational institutions in fostering the habit of reading the Qur'an as an integral component of character development programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jihan Noor Annisa, Iskandar Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of Social Media on the Moral Degradation of Generation Z at the Balikpapan Islamic Religious College
Patterns of social contact have been profoundly altered by the quick development of digital technology, particularly in light of Generation Z's extensive usage of social media. This study uses students at the Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Balikpapan as a case study to investigate how social media use affects moral degeneration in Generation Z. The study used a quantitative methodology with an associative causal framework. With the aid of SPSS software, data were gathered using a closed-ended questionnaire with a Likert scale, and basic linear regression was used for analysis. With a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05) and a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.349, the results show a negative and significant link between moral degeneration and social media use. This suggests that the intensity and usage patterns of social media account for 34.9% of the variation in moral degeneration. These findings support the applicability of the theories of social learning, cultivation, and media socialization, which all contend that youth social behavior, values, and perception can be influenced by extensive exposure to digital content. To lessen social media's detrimental effects on Generation Z's moral standards, the study suggests implementing digital literacy initiatives, character education, and social media usage guidelines.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salma Hijriah, Iskandar Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE CONCEPT OF GUIDANCE FOR CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW WHO HAVE SERVED CRIMINAL SENTENCES IN SPECIAL CHILD GUIDANCE INSTITUTIONS (LPKA)
The limited number of experts and professionals in the LPKA environment to provide guidance to ABH so that they are replaced by LPKA officers to carry out ABH guidance causes not optimal educational development, personality development, and independence development for ABH, and results in the repetition of criminal acts by ABH who have just been released from LPKA. The problem discussed is how the concept of the Child Special Development Institution (LPKA) is associated with the future of Children in Conflict with the Law (ABH), and how the implementation of guidance for Children in Conflict with the Law (ABH) which has served a sentence at the Child Special Development Institution (LPKA). This type of research is normative legal research. Conclusion: ((1) The concept of LPKA is associated with the future of ABH, until now it has not been able to fully carry out its ideal function as a rehabilitative and educative institution. This is due to various fundamental limitations, including the lack of involvement of professional experts in the fields of psychology, education and social affairs, as well as a coaching approach that is still monotonous and administrative in nature; (2) The implementation of coaching for children in conflict with the law (ABH) who have received punishment in the Special Development Institution for Children (LPKA) has so far been ineffective, this is due to failures that stem from various fundamental problems, especially the lack of involvement of professional experts in the coaching process. Suggestions: (1) The Ministry of Immigration and Corrections is expected to implement a strategic policy by placing professionals equally experts in all LPKA in Indonesia. The existence of child psychologists, social counselors, special teachers, and skills trainers is a crucial element in forming a comprehensive coaching system that is responsive to the needs of growth and development and psychological recovery of ABH; (2) The Ministry of Immigration and Corrections in charge of the Child Special Development Institution (LPKA) is expected to reformulate the coaching policy for ABH in a more progressive, comprehensive, and oriented towards the recovery of children as whole individuals. The coaching policy needs to integrate character education approaches, psychosocial interventions, counseling, mental recovery, and skills training based on disciplinary and humanitarian values.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitriah Fitriah, Ferry Fathurokhman, Mohamad Noor Fajar Al Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Dynamics Of Considerations In The Constitutional Court's Decision In Deciding On The Settlement Of Disputes In The 2024 General Election Of Regional Heads And Deputy Regional Heads Of Serang Regency
General Election Result Dispute is a Vote Result Dispute that is the authority of the Constitutional Court, but in several decisions of the Constitutional Court in the Settlement of Regional Head Disputes not only questioned the difference in election results, but also examined and assessed the administrative process of the election stages, to cancel the vote results, which resulted in the cancellation of the general election results. This raises the dialectic of the competence of the Constitutional Court in examining and deciding on the Election Result Dispute case as follows: First, How is the Scope of the Conception of the Election Result Dispute for Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads reviewed in the Constitutional Court decision No. 70 / PHPU.BUP-XXIII / 2025?, Second, How is the Constitutional Court Authorized to Examine and Assess Administrative Violations of the General Election Stage Process in Deciding on the Settlement of the General Election Result Dispute for Regent and Deputy Regent?. This study uses the theory of Pragmatic Legal Realism which emphasizes the active role of judges in upholding substantive justice, as well as the Election Theory which places elections as an instrument of democracy that must guarantee the principles of justice, representation, and people's sovereignty. This type of research is descriptive. The analysis method of this research is normative juridical. Data collection techniques are carried out using field studies and literature studies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Endang Maulana, Mas Iman Kusnandar, Firdaus Firdaus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Investment, Labor and Exports on Economic Growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province
Economic growth is an important indicator in measuring the success of a region's development. Sustainable and inclusive economic growth is the main goal for every local government, including East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT). There are several factors that influence economic growth, namely investment, labor and exports. Based on the discussion of the effect of investment, labor and exports on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province, it can be seen that investment variables in the short and long term have no significant effect on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2003-2023, labor variables in the short and long term have a significant but negative effect on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2003-2023, export variables in the short and long term have no significant effect on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2003-2023, and simultaneously investment, labor and export variables in the short and long term have a significant effect on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2003-2023.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dedy Sergius Nono, Nikson Tameno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
CRIMINAL LAW REVIEW OF CRIMINAL ACTS OF FRAUD IN HAJJ AND UMRAH TRAVEL
Fraud in the organization of Hajj and Umrah travel in Indonesia has become a recurring and alarming legal issue. As one of the countries with the largest Muslim population, Indonesia sees a growing interest in Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages. However, this demand is often exploited by unscrupulous travel agencies that offer low-cost pilgrimage packages without fulfilling their obligations. This study aims to examine the enforcement of criminal law against fraud perpetrators in the Hajj and Umrah travel sector and to analyze the objectives of criminal sentencing in such cases. The research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and case approach, focusing on two court decisions: Bontang District Court Decision No. 91/Pid.B/2019 and Palangka Raya District Court Decision No. 313/Pid.Sus/2023. The findings indicate weaknesses in the criminal justice process, including inappropriate prosecutorial demands and judges' lenient verdicts, which fail to reflect the severity of the offenses. Moreover, the sentencing does not effectively implement the purposes of punishment as described in both absolute (retributive) and relative (preventive) theories. As a result, the punishments imposed lack deterrent power and do not provide sufficient justice for the victims.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khofifah Aulia Nisa, Muhyi Mohas, Mohamad Noor Fajar Al Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE THOUSAND ISLANDS
The Thousand Islands, a key marine tourism destination in Indonesia, faces serious threats from environmental pollution. Plastic waste, oil spills, and unsustainable tourism activities damage the marine ecosystem, human health, and the socio-economic well-being of the local community. This study aims to examine the sources of pollution, its impacts, and mitigation efforts implemented in the Thousand Islands. The research method utilized a literature 1the primary pollution comes from microplastics, oil spills, and illegal tourism and fishing activities. This environmental damage reduces marine productivity, poses health risks, and fuels social inequality. Mitigation efforts need to be strengthened through plastic reduction policies, conservation education, and integrated waste management.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kerlima Hutagaol, Anugrah Ramadha Pratama, Fazry Alwy Sirodz, Purnama Ramdan, Angga Febriadi, Tiodorus Situmorang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT MITIGATION OF THE BITUNG – SERPONG TOLL ROAD CONSTRUCTION ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Roads are a form of primary infrastructure that plays a vital role in life. Banten Province is connected by several national roads and toll roads. These national roads and toll roads also connect regencies and cities in the area. With the increasing density of road users, of course congestion cannot be avoided, because national roads and toll roads will be passed by vehicles both going to and leaving the Banten Province area. The current traffic flow conditions through toll roads are quite dense (saturated), so that to overcome congestion, it is necessary to build alternative roads with a higher level of quality and adequate levels of accessibility and mobility. The construction of toll road infrastructure, such as the Bitung-Serpong Toll Road, has a significant impact on the environment. This journal aims to analyze the environmental impacts caused by this toll road construction project, including changes in land use, impacts on ecosystems, pollution, and socio-economic impacts. Through this study, it is hoped that recommendations can be provided for mitigating possible negative impacts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Purnama Novyangga, Randyr Eka Tumilar, Rangga Saputra, M. Farid Ardiansyah Aris Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF SHALLOT AND GARLIC COMPRESS ON REDUCING FEVER IN TODDLERS IN PMB W CIANJUR REGENCY IN 2024
Fever is a common physiological thing in toddlers, Fever can be caused by infection and non-infection. The joint organization of the United Nations (UN), United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO), World Bank Group, Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs released an estimated figure of almost 2 million stillbirths each year. Objective To determine the Effect of Red Onion Compresses to Reduce Fever in Toddlers in PMB W Cianjur Regency in 2025 This research method is SCLR, namely Scientific Reference Search to obtain the concept of Midwifery care theory based on previous research results and case studies, namely direct studies of midwifery application based on Evidence Based. Results In An. M intervened by doing red onion compresses with fever while in An. S did garlic compresses with fever. So that giving red onion compresses with fever is more effective in treating fever in toddlers in PMB W. Conclusion There is a difference in the regularity of fever reduction in those who were given red onion compress intervention, the fever went down faster than those who were not given intervention.
Copyright (c) 2025 Widi Mulia Endar, Fanni Hanifa, Hidayani Hidayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sociopreneurship and Human Resource Management Strategies for Sustainable Social and Environmental Impact: Bibliometric Analysis
This research conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of literature on sociopreneurship, human resource management (HRM), and disruptive technology. The main focus of this research is to identify theme clustering patterns, current research trends, future research opportunities, and collaboration among researchers in this domain. Data was obtained from reputable academic databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, and WOS, and then analyzed using VOSviewer software to map relationships between keywords, publications, and authors. The analysis results indicate a significant evolution in sociopreneurship research, with increasing attention on topics such as local economic empowerment, women's inclusion in social entrepreneurship activities, technological innovations for sustainability, and value-based organizational transformation. Literature with the highest citations emphasizes the importance of integrating sustainable HRM strategies with sociopreneurship practices, particularly in the development of social business models, education, and community skill enhancement. However, there are still research gaps, particularly regarding the application of sociopreneurship in specific sectors such as health and measurable social business models. These findings provide a conceptual and practical foundation for further research and encourage interdisciplinary collaboration in supporting inclusive and sustainable social and environmental impact.
Copyright (c) 2025 Teuku Muhammad Syauqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF TELUK BETUNG SELATAN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINATOWN IN TELUK BETUNG SELATAN
This study explores public perceptions of the Chinatown development in Teluk Betung Selatan, which has generated a range of responses, including both support and opposition. Perception in communication refers to the absorption of information through the senses, influenced by external stimuli, and can result in either positive or negative attitudes toward a given situation. In this context, community perceptions are shaped by the extent of their involvement, access to information, and experience of the development’s impact either directly or indirectly. This research employs a qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews with informants from various backgrounds, direct field observation to capture the ongoing social dynamics, and documentation of relevant records and literature to strengthen the empirical data. Data validity is ensured through source triangulation, which aims to confirm the accuracy, consistency, and credibility of information obtained from multiple sources. The collected data is analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing to provide a comprehensive picture of community perceptions.The findings indicate that the Chinatown development is perceived by some community members as an opportunity to boost the local economy, promote tourism, and revitalize the Teluk Betung Selatan area, which was previously considered underdeveloped. However, the study also reveals concerns among parts of the community regarding the potential loss of local identity due to the dominance of external cultural symbols that lack inclusive narratives. Additionally, the public highlighted the limited community involvement in the planning and decision-making processes, creating the impression that the project was executed in a top-down manner. This has contributed to negative perceptions of the development. These findings emphasize the importance of transparent communication, active community participation, and efforts to balance the preservation of local identity with urban development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nicholas Effendi, Hanindyalaila Pienrasmi, M Denu poyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PAPAYA LEAF DECOCTION ON INCREASING BREAST MILK PRODUCTION IN POSTNATAL MOTHERS AT THE PASIRKUDA HEALTH CENTER CIANJUR REGENCY YEAR OF 2025
Breast milk (ASI) is the primary source of nutrition for newborns and plays a crucial role in growth, development, and immune system formation. However, many postpartum mothers experience suboptimal milk production, which may hinder the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Non-pharmacological efforts, including the use of herbal remedies, are often applied to support lactation. One of the plants believed to have galactagogue effects is papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.), which contain bioactive compounds such as papain, flavonoids, vitamins A, C, and E, as well as minerals that stimulate prolactin and oxytocin hormones, thereby enhancing milk production. This study aimed to determine the effect of consuming papaya leaf decoction on breast milk production among postpartum mothers. The research design employed a pre-experimental method with a pretest–posttest approach. A total of 30 postpartum mothers were selected based on inclusion criteria. Breast milk production was measured before and after the intervention of papaya leaf decoction, and the data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test with SPSS version 27. The results showed that the mean breast milk production before intervention was 67.03 ml, ranging from 60 to 80 ml. After consuming papaya leaf decoction, the mean increased to 130.63 ml, with a range of 70–180 ml. Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in breast milk production before and after the intervention. In conclusion, papaya leaf decoction significantly increases breast milk production in postpartum mothers. This finding recommends papaya leaf decoction as a simple, natural, and affordable herbal intervention to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kiki Rizkia, Lina Nurul Izza, Maryam Syarah Mardiah, Selma Selviani, Kurniasari Kurniasari, Ai Siti Hamidah, Andi Fitria Anggraeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND BANKING CREDIT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE
This research aims to analyze the influence of foreign investment and banking credit on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province in the 2021-2023 period. The research method used is quantitative with an explanatory approach, using secondary data in the form of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) values, total banking credit, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Data analysis was carried out using panel data regression. The research results show that partially the foreign investment variable has a significant influence on economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara, while bank credit has no significant influence. However, foreign investment and banking credit simultaneously influence economic growth even though their contribution is still limited, with an Adjusted R-squared value of 0.030. This indicates that other factors outside research are still more dominant in influencing regional economic growth. These findings indicate the importance of government policy in attracting foreign investment as well as
Copyright (c) 2025 Desna Sari Ka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Leadership Strategies Of Scout Leaders In Instilling The Value Of Descipline In Scout Members
Discipline is one of the core character values that students must possess to face the challenges of modern life. In the context of non-formal education, the Scout Movement plays an essential role in instilling character values such as discipline, responsibility, and independence. This study aims to analyze the leadership strategies of the Scout Leader in instilling discipline among members of the Scout organization at UPT SMP Negeri 27 Medan. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results revealed that the leadership of the Scout Leader plays a significant role in shaping members' discipline through three main strategies: exemplary leadership, participatory leadership, and moral coaching. Exemplary leadership emerged as the most influential strategy as it fosters self-awareness and voluntary discipline among members. Through open communication and an empathetic approach, the leader successfully created a conducive environment for developing sustainable disciplinary character within the scouting context.
Copyright (c) 2025 dicky sanjaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIGITAL EDUCATION, HEALTH CADRE INVOLVEMENT AND THE TRIPLE ELIMINATION PROGRAMME IN PREVENTING HIGH-RISK PREGNANCIES AT THE BOGOR TENGAH COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE IN 2025
The main causes of high maternal mortality rates in Indonesia in 2024, such as haemorrhage, infection, and pre-eclampsia, can actually be detected and prevented during pregnancy through early identification of high-risk pregnancies. Efforts to manage high-risk pregnancies can be carried out through several measures, namely increasing public knowledge, enhancing the role of health cadres, and providing preventive health facilities. Objective: To determine the relationship between Digital Education, the Role of Health Cadres, and the Triple Elimination Programme with the Prevention of High-Risk Pregnancies at the Bogor Tengah Community Health Centre in 2025. Method: This study is an analytical study with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. The study used a survey method, data collection with a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, and analysis using univariate and bivariate methods. Results: The majority of respondents were in the 26–30 age group (39.1%), had a high school/vocational school education (65.2%), were housewives (78.3%), and had 1–3 pregnancies (78.3%). In the Digital Education Exposure variable, most respondents were in the high category, namely 67 people (97.1%). while the health cadre involvement variable showed that almost all respondents rated the role of cadres as high, namely 68 people (98.6%), and the Triple Elimination Programme variable showed that the majority of respondents were in the high category, namely 67 people (97.1%). Conclusion: There is a relationship between Digital Education, Health Cadre Involvement and the Triple Elimination Programme with the Prevention of High-Risk Pregnancies at the Bogor Tengah Community Health Centre in 2025 (P-value: 0.029; 0.014; 0.029). Suggestion: To be able to
Copyright (c) 2025 Oktaviani Ike Setyarini, Cika Pransiska, Ristanti Ristanti, Eryfia Candika Iswandaru, Ratih Nurma Sari, Fanni Hanifa, Milka Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Village Resilience Based on the 2024 Village Development Index in Bunga Raya Subdistrict
This research aims to analyse the level of village resilience based on the 2024 Village Development Index (IDM) in Bunga Raya Subdistrict, Siak Regency, Riau Province. The three main dimensions examined include the Social Resilience Index (IKS), Economic Resilience Index (IKE), and Environmental Resilience Index (IKL), which reflect the ability of villages to provide basic services, strengthen economic independence, and maintain environmental sustainability. This study presents the latest empirical analysis using 2024 IDM data to assess multidimensional village resilience at the subdistrict level, which has rarely been done before. The results of this study enrich the study of rural development by identifying the balance between social, economic, and environmental dimensions in achieving the status of an Independent Village. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data from the 2024 IDM published by the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration of the Republic of Indonesia. All villages in Bunga Raya Sub-district have achieved ‘Independent Village’ status with an IDM value above 0.8; the highest being Bunga Raya Village (0.9167). Village development in Bunga Raya Subdistrict shows good multidimensional balance, but continuous efforts are still needed to strengthen local economic institutions, improve social capacity, and preserve the environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hana Dalila Khonsa, Taryono Taryono, Asri Dwi Jovanka, Tasya Nofa, Nabila Cantika, Nazwa Azura Yasmin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLICATIONS OF RATIFICATION OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE FOR INDONESIA
Climate change is a change caused either directly or indirectly by human activities that alter the composition of the atmosphere. One of these human activities is the use of fossil fuels. Paris Agreement is an international treaty with the main objective of addressing climate change through more inclusive and binding international cooperation for countries that ratify it.The author discusses: First, What are the Implications of Ratification Paris Agreement on Climate Change for Indonesia? Second, What is the Responsibility of the Indonesian Government in Controlling Carbon Emissions? reducing carbon emissions will be focused on the transportation and energy sectors.The author uses normative and empirical juridical methods, the research specifications used are descriptive analytical. The results of implications ratification Paris Agreement for Indonesia. First: ratification by Indonesia Paris Agreement is part of positive law in Indonesia and has implications for the emergence of obligations and rights. Second: It has implications for forming programs in the transportation and energy sectors. The government's responsibility in reducing carbon emissions has not yet had a significant effect on climate change. Although Paris Agreement encourages countries to achieve emission reduction targets, its implementation relies on voluntary action, no sanctions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Faidatul Makiyah, Makiyah, Danial Danial https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF COMPANY IMAGE AND SERVICE QUALITY ON THE SATISFACTION OF LION AIR USERS IN WEST JAVA
The airlines industry encompasses various companies that provide flight services for passengers and cargo, and involves various aspects of complex management. In Indonesia, the airline industry continues to grow and develop in line with economic development and increased community mobility. This has created intense competition among airlines that are competing to offer better service and satisfaction. One of the long-standing players in the Indonesian airline industry is Lion Air. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Company Image and Service Quality on User Satisfaction of Lion Air airlines in West Java. The type of research used is descriptive and verification with an approach using quantitative methods, The results of data research, then the research instrument analysis, classical assumption test, descriptive and verification analysis. The results of the study show that most respondents gave high ratings to the variables of Company Image, Service Quality, and User Satisfaction of Lion Air airlines in West Java. Company Image and Service Quality have a positive and significant influence on User Satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. The contribution of these two variables is
Copyright (c) 2025 Hasanawi Hasanawi, Farhan Farhan, Farhan Farhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
COMPANY SIZE MEDIATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFITABILITY AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE FROM 2019 TO 2023
The research method uses a crucial quantitative approach. The objective is to analyze the effect of profitability on the size of a company's earnings management, as well as its role as a mediating variable in the relationship between profitability and earnings management in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019–2023 period. The study population includes 13 pharmaceutical sub-sector companies, with a sample of 6 companies. Secondary data were obtained from the IDX, OJK, and BPS, then analyzed using the PLS method to statistically test the relationship between variables. The research results are: 1) Profitability does not significantly influence company size because profit fluctuations during the pandemic were more influenced by market conditions and short-term drug demand, rather than asset expansion. Furthermore, pharmaceutical companies allocate more profits to R&D or dividend payments, rather than adding fixed assets. 2) Large companies tend to engage in earnings management due to public pressure, operational complexity, and greater accounting and financing flexibility. 3) The company is not a primary factor driving earnings management; profitability does not significantly influence earnings management practices. 4) The influence of profitability on earnings management practices is more influenced by factors other than company size, such as managerial policies, ownership structure, and external pressures.
Copyright (c) 2025 Augustinus Balo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE IMPACT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MINING AND QUARRYING SECTOR AND THE PROCESSING INDUSTRY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BENGKALIS REGENCY 2011-2024
This study aims to analyze the influence of the mining and quarrying sector and the manufacturing industry sector on economic growth in Bengkalis Regency for the period 2011–2024. Economic growth is measured using Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) at constant prices which describes the real economic performance of the region. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and multiple linear regression analysis, based on secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Bengkalis Regency. The results of the analysis show that partially, the mining and quarrying sector has a significant effect on economic growth with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Conversely, the manufacturing industry sector does not have a significant effect with a significance value of 0.539 > 0.05. Simultaneously, both sectors have a significant effect on economic growth with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and an Adjusted R² value of 0.926, which means that 92.6% of the variation in economic growth can be explained by these two sectors. These findings indicate that the economy of Bengkalis Regency is still dominated by mining and quarrying sector activities, while the manufacturing industry sector has not provided an optimal contribution to regional economic growth. Therefore, a strategy is needed to strengthen the processing industry sector through investment, technological innovation, and downstream development so that the regional economic structure becomes more balanced and sustainable.
Copyright (c) 2025 Della Novita Sari Melani, Noviantori Ramadhan, Farraz Yuni Syafitri, Wiwi Jupiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Social Relations and the Meaning of Online Loan Applications (A Phenomenological Study in RT 05, Kelapa Tiga Permai Subdistrict, Bandar Lampung City)
This research explores the interpersonal communication experiences and social relationships formed through the use of online loan applications among residents of RT 05 Kelurahan Kelapa Tiga Permai, Bandar Lampung. The rapid growth of digital lending platforms, particularly in Lampung, has created new financial behaviors and communication patterns among users, especially in economically pressured communities. This study employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to deeply understand how borrowers interpret and experience their interactions before, during, and after using online loans. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation from selected informants, including key community figures, active borrowers, and individuals impacted by these financial practices. The findings reveal that online loans are not solely understood as financial tools but also as social phenomena embedded in daily interpersonal interactions. Social relationships play a critical role in shaping perceptions, building trust, and spreading both accurate and misleading information regarding the use of online loans. Peer influence, emotional support, and communal narratives significantly contribute to the decision-making process. Moreover, experiences shared among neighbors and family members often determine how the service is perceived either as a convenient solution or a trap with long-term consequences. The study concludes that online loan experiences are shaped not only by economic needs but also by cultural communication practices that construct meaning and influence behavior in a digitally connected society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Taufik - Farhansyah, Noning - Verawati, Budhi - Waskito https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Communication by Members of the Medan City Council in Absorbing the Aspirations of the Community in Electoral District I of Medan Helvetia Subdistrict
This research aims to determine and analyze the effectiveness of the recess communication of the Medan City DPRD Members in Medan Helvetia District, as well as identifying supporting and inhibiting factors. The background of this research is based on the Performance Report of the Medan City DPRD which shows that there are still many basic needs and general needs of the community that require attention. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with in -depth interview techniques and observations. The results showed that recess communication took place quite effectively, marked by the direct involvement of DPRD members, the delivery of clear information, and active participation of the community. Supporting factors include the communication media used, the selection of appropriate time, and openness to receive input. The obstacle found is the inaccuracy of the implementation time in several locations. Overall, recess activities are a means of two -way communication that builds closeness and public trust, but requires an increase in time discipline and strengthening the follow -up of aspirations so that the absorption of aspirations is more optimal.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rachel Mia Lorenza Lumban Toruan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Law and Development: Workers Welfare Based on the Principles of a Welfare State
The concept of a welfare state is a system of government that aims to improve the welfare and quality of life of its citizens, including basic needs such as health, education, housing, and social security. A welfare state seeks to reduce social and economic disparities through income redistribution and equitable fiscal policies. Workers play a key role in social welfare development. Employment is a vital issue for many people and ultimately reflects the level of progress of a country's development. Workers must earn a decent living. This aligns with the demands of a welfare state to protect the people from negative aspects. Indonesia, as a country that adheres to the principles of a welfare state, carries out national development, particularly in the development of quality human resources, such as workers. Workers must receive welfare guarantees from the state based on the principles of a welfare state. The problem is How is the government's effort in realizing the development of workers' welfare based on the principles of the welfare state? The research method used is normative juridical with secondary data sources. The government's efforts in realizing the development of workers' welfare based on the principles of the welfare state through laws and regulations, for example Law No. 40 of 2004 concerning the National Social Security System (SJSN), and institutions established by the state to realize workers' welfare in accordance with the principles of the welfare state. such as the Employment Planning and Development Agency (Barenbang), the Directorate General at the central level, the Manpower Office at the provincial and city/district levels, BPJS Employment, Technical Implementation Units (UPTD) such as the Job Training Center. The laws and regulations and institutions established with their respective institutional duties and responsibilities are realized through programs from each institution.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rehulina Rehulina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Bibliometric Analysis of Enforcement and Restitution for Victims of Human Trafficking
Human trafficking is a serious global crime, including in Indonesia, where restitution, as financial compensation for victims, plays a crucial role in their recovery and reintegration. This study uses bibliometric analysis to explore research on law enforcement and restitution in human trafficking, aiming to identify trends, key themes, and gaps. Data was gathered from the Scopus database, covering publications from 2000 to 2024. The analysis revealed a rise in human trafficking-related publications, primarily scientific articles. Seven thematic clusters were identified, focusing on law enforcement, victim protection, and sexual trafficking. However, restitution remains underexplored, with only minimal coverage in one weakly connected cluster. Bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis highlighted key studies and journals in the field. The study concludes that restitution deserves further attention, particularly in terms of policy, challenges, and its impact on victims, to enhance protection and justice efforts.
Copyright (c) 2025 rina melati sitompul https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Supporters Are More Than Spectators: The Meaning of Supporter’s for Northernwall’s Presence in Bandung
This study aims to examine the meaning of supporters for the Northernwall community in Bandung City. The research questions include the motives of the Northernwall community in becoming football supporters, how they perceive themselves as supporters, and the communication experiences that occur in the stands. The research method employed is phenomenology with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques consist of observation, interviews, and documentation to deeply explore information from informants. This study involves five informants selected based on their experiences and involvement in the Northernwall community. The findings indicate that the meaning of being a supporter for Northernwall members is not merely about supporting a team, but also represents a form of identity and solidarity. Supporter motives vary, ranging from love for football to the influence of the subcultural identity they embrace. Communication experiences within the Northernwall community occur effectively through social media and direct interactions in the stadium. This strengthens the sense of togetherness and loyalty among members, creating a profound emotional bond with the supported team. This research provides insights into the complexities of the supporters' roles within the cultural and social context in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dzulfikar Mochammad Zain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Pastor's Leadership in Instilling Christian Values in the GSJA CLC Congregation
This study aims to analyze in depth the role and effectiveness of pastoral leadership in the process of instilling Christian values in the congregation at the City Life Center Assemblies of God Church (GSJA CLC). Christian values are an essential foundation for the congregation's spiritual and moral growth, and the pastor's leadership plays a key role as a role model, teacher, and motivator. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with the pastor and congregation representatives, participant observation, and analysis of internal church documents related to the development and teaching programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 kristiani della manurung, Olivia Sri Simanullang, Elly Fadilla Siregar, Zuhro Tamanna Daulay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL VIDEOS AND RELAXATION TECHNIQUES ON STRESS REDUCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT THE PRATAMA LARASATI CLINIC IN 2025
Stress is a common psychological problem experienced by pregnant women and can have negative impacts on maternal health as well as fetal development. Unmanaged stress may increase the risk of pregnancy complications, emotional disturbances, and even preterm birth. This study aimed to analyze the effect of psychoeducational videos and relaxation techniques on reducing stress levels among pregnant women at Pratama Larasati Clinic in 2025.Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of first- to third-trimester pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria, selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument used a validated and reliable pregnancy stress scale questionnaire. The intervention group received psychoeducational videos about healthy pregnancy along with guided relaxation techniques delivered in several sessions, while the control group only received standard antenatal care. Data were analyzed using paired t- tests to examine within-group differences and independent t-tests to compare between groups. Results: The findings revealed a significant reduction in stress scores among pregnant women after receiving psychoeducational video and relaxation interventions (p= 0.03 < 0.05). In contrast, the control group showed no significant changes. Moreover, the difference in mean stress scores between the intervention and control groups was statistically significant, indicating the effectiveness of the intervention. Conclusion: The combination of psychoeducational videos and relaxation techniques was proven effective in reducing stress levels in pregnant women. This approach offers a simple, practical, and non-pharmacological alternative that can be integrated into antenatal care services. Its implementation should be considered by healthcare providers to improve maternal mental health during pregnancy
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Agus Febriyani, Childa Amelia, Fenny Valianda Amelia Ramadhan, Agus Santi BR Ginting, Wati Wati, Yuni Nur Amelia, Fitriyana Fitriyana, Muliana Yulianingsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ASSESSMENT MODELS IN DEEP LEARNING AT SCHOOL
Deep learning in elementary schools emphasizes students’ active engagement in constructing meaningful understanding through critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and reflection. To achieve these goals, an assessment model capable of evaluating both the learning process and outcomes authentically and comprehensively is required. This conceptual article aims to analyze various assessment models relevant to supporting deep learning in elementary schools, including formative assessment, authentic assessment, project-based assessment, portfolio, and performance rubrics. This study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review (conceptual study) method. Data were collected from scholarly articles, research findings, and policy documents related to the Merdeka Curriculum and 21st- century learning assessment. The data were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively through processes of reduction, categorization, and synthesis to identify patterns in the application of assessment models within the context of deep learning in elementary schools. The findings reveal that integrating multiple assessment models plays a crucial role in realizing deep learning. Formative assessment helps teachers monitor students’ learning progress and provide continuous feedback; authentic and project-based assessments encourage the application of knowledge in real-life contexts; portfolios support self- reflection and track competency development; and performance rubrics ensure objectivity and transparency in evaluation. The integration of these five assessment models strengthens students’ learning motivation, higher-order thinking skills, creativity, collaboration, and reflection. This study concludes that assessment should not merely serve as a tool for measuring learning outcomes but should function as an integral part of the learning process, acting as assessment as learning. Therefore, elementary school teachers need to design assessments aligned with the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, as the integration of deep learning and authentic assessment is key to developing reflective, creative, and competitive learners who meet the demands of 21st-century education.
Copyright (c) 2025 paltiman lumban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOR BPJS HEALTH PATIENTS AT REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITALS (RSUD) SERANG CITY
Article 28H paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia mandates that every person has the right to physical and spiritual prosperity, to a place to live, and to a good and healthy environment, as well as the right to health services, and Article 34 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia stipulates that the state is responsible for providing adequate health care facilities and public services. However, the reality on the ground shows that there is still discrimination or unequal treatment of patients based on their payment status, namely General Patients and BPJS Health Patients. Where General Patients, who pay directly for health services, often get faster access, a wider choice of doctors, and priority in the use of facilities and medical procedures. Conversely, BPJS Patients often experience longer waiting times, limited facilities, and complicated bureaucratic procedures. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of constitutional rights for BPJS patients at the Serang City Regional General Hospital (RSUD). This study uses a normative legal research method, with data sources obtained from secondary and primary data, which are then analyzed qualitatively.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sefa Martinesya, Wirda Garizahaq, Fuadi Brylian Yanri, Lizy Marchelina Butarbutar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPROVING VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD: TGT (TEAMS GAME TOURNAMENT)
This study aims to improve vocabulary mastery among 4A students at MI Nurul Hidayah through the Teams Game Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning method. This study was conducted using a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach and consisted of two cycles to evaluate the impact of TGT on student engagement and vocabulary mastery. Initial observations showed that students had difficulty mastering vocabulary due to traditional memorization methods, which resulted in low engagement and achievement. In the first cycle, only 44.44% of students obtained an average score of 66.66, while the success criterion in this study was that 80% of students could obtain an average score of 70. Therefore, further research was needed in the next cycle. Adjustments were made in the second cycle, including the incorporation of movements and interactive activities, which resulted in increased student participation and vocabulary test scores, with 83.33% of students achieving an average score of 80.55. In this cycle, the success criteria were met, so the study was terminated in the second cycle. These findings indicate that TGT is an effective strategy for improving vocabulary mastery and creating a dynamic and engaging learning environment. This study contributes to the existing literature on cooperative learning methods in elementary education and emphasizes the importance of innovative teaching approaches.
Copyright (c) 2025 Roslatul Hasanah, Norma Ita Sholichah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Development of the Village Development Index (IDM) Status in Coastal Villages in Kuala Kampar District, 2021–2024
This study aims to analyze the development of the Village Development Index in coastal villages in Kuala Kampar District during the period 2021–2024. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with a time series approach to observe trends in IDM value changes and the contribution of each dimension, namely social resilience, economic resilience, and environmental resilience. The data used is secondary data obtained from the official website of the Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration. The results of the study show a significant increase in collective status, where six of the nine villages successfully transitioned from “Advanced” to “Independent” status during the observation period. The most striking change occurred in 2023, along with a sharp increase in the average IDM score. Of the three dimensions, environmental resilience recorded the highest index value, while economic resilience experienced the most dynamic increase, becoming the main driver of village status change. These findings indicate that economic diversification and good environmental management play an important role in accelerating coastal village development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Syakirah Athiyyah, Taryono Taryono, Naila Septa Ridhoni, Melani Noviantori Ramadhan, Della Novita Sari, Klara Marsyakila, Aprillina Aprillina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF POLICY AND DEVELOPMENT OF CEPI WATU BEACH TOURISM OBJECT AS A SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DESTINATION IN NANGA LABANG VILLAGE, BORONG DISTRICT, EAST MANGGARAI REGENCY
This reserarch aims to analyze local government policies and formulate strategies for developing the Cepi Watu Beach Tourism Object as a sustainable tourism destination in Nanga Labang Village, Borong District, East Manggarai Regency. Cepi Watu Beach has stunning natural potential, a strategic location, and rich local culture. However, its management is considered less than optimal, especially related to the lack of facilities, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of local government support at the beginning of its development. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) to determine the strategic position and policy recommendations. The results of the SWOT analysis indicate that Cepi Watu Beach is in Quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy), which means this destination has great internal strength but faces significant external threats. The conclusion of the study shows that the development of Cepi Watu Beach requires support from the main components of tourism, namely: Attractions (natural beauty and panorama of Mount Poco Ndeki), Accessibility, and Amenities (supporting facilities such as toilets, gazebos, and parking areas). Recommended strategic policies include the development of community-based ecotourism supported by local governments, increased promotion through digital media, the construction of public facilities, and the establishment of formal management to ensure sustainability. Synergy between the district and village governments, as well as the active participation of local communities, is needed to overcome obstacles such as limited human resources and potential environmental degradation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evabius Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF GAMIFICATION ‘LET'S EXPLORE SCHOLARSHIP’ AS AN INNOVATIVE MEDIUM IN CLASSICAL GUIDANCE SERVICES: ACCESS TO SCHOLARSHIP INFORMATION AT SMAN 5 SERANG CITY
This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the gamification "Let's Explore Scholarship" as an innovative media in classical guidance services at SMAN 5 Kota Serang. This research is motivated by students' limitations in accessing scholarship information which is very important to support the continuation of education to a higher level. The gamification media is designed in the form of a "Scholarship Map" which contains interactive quizzes and challenges regarding the types of scholarships, registration procedures, and general requirements that apply. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, evaluation questionnaires, and student reflection. The research subjects were 30 students of grade X-5 who were selected purposively. The results of the study show that the implementation of the gamification "Let's Explore Scholarship" is able to increase students' enthusiasm, motivation, and critical thinking skills in exploring scholarship information. In addition, students also gain a better understanding of scholarship pathways and strategies for continuing their education to higher education. The implementation of this gamification creates a more enjoyable, interactive, and participatory learning atmosphere in classical guidance services. Thus, the gamification of “Let’s Explore Scholarship” can be an effective alternative strategy to equip students with knowledge, motivation, and readiness to achieve a brighter future through access to scholarship information.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alfina Cristanti, Bunga Novelya Kusuma, Annisa Fujiyanti, Ahdanisa Fadhlih, Arga Satrio Prabowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO DETERMINANTS OF CONVENTIONAL BANKING IN INDONESIA IN 2024
This study aims to analyze the effect of Third-Party Funds (DPK) and Lending Interest Rates on the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) of conventional banks in Indonesia in 2024. This research employs a quantitative method with an explanatory approach. The data used are secondary data obtained from the monthly financial reports of the five largest conventional banks in Indonesia (Bank Mandiri, BNI, BCA, BRI, and BTN), published by the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The analysis was conducted using panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM). The results show that Third-Party Funds (DPK) and Lending Interest Rates simultaneously affect the LDR. Partially, DPK has a positive and significant effect on the LDR, while the Lending Interest Rate has a negative and significant effect. These findings indicate that an increase in DPK encourages credit growth and raises the LDR, while higher lending rates tend to reduce credit demand. The study highlights the importance of effective fund management and interest rate policy in maintaining the balance between bank liquidity and credit distribution.
Copyright (c) 2025 MANEK NUBATONIS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF COOPERATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT USING THE BALANCED SCORECARD APPROACH (Case Study at KSP Kopdit Harmoni Jaya, Kupang City
This study examines the application of the Balanced Scorecard method at Kopdit Harmoni Jaya Cooperative in Kupang City. The objective of the research is to measure and evaluate the performance of KSP Kopdit Harmoni Jaya during the period 2022–2024 using the Balanced Scorecard approach. The data were obtained from the Annual Members' Meeting (RAT) reports for 2022–2024 and further confirmed through interviews. This research employs a mixed-methods approach with a case study strategy. The findings indicate that the cooperative's performance in the financial perspective during 2022–2024 scored relatively low based on the assessment indicators specified in the Regulation of the Deputy for Supervision of the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia Number 06/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016, whereas the non-financial perspectives, including member satisfaction, operational efficiency, and human resource development, showed positive results. Furthermore, this study produces a strategic map that is expected to serve as a reference for the cooperative's future strategic development.
Copyright (c) 2025 ade Putra, Minarni A. Dethan, Yohanes Demu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXPOSURE TO CIGARETTE SMOKE AND AGE OF FIRST CHILD WITH BREAST CANCER AT A HOSPITAL IN METRO CITY
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide, including in Indonesia. It occurs due to uncontrolled cell growth in breast tissue, which damages surrounding tissue and spreads to other organs. WHO data from 2022 indicates that 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer and 670,000 died. The exact cause is unknown, but it often occurs in the milk ducts or lobules. Impacts include physical, mental, and emotional conditions. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between household cigarette smoke exposure and age at first pregnancy with breast cancer in the Oncology Surgery Unit of General Ahmad Yani General Hospital, Metro. This quantitative study used a case-control study design, conducted in the Oncology Surgery Unit of a hospital in Metro City. A sample of 82 women was selected using a consecutive sampling technique, consisting of 41 women with breast cancer and 41 women without breast cancer. Data were collected through interviews and review of necessary medical records using a questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi-square test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed that 31.7% of adult women in the case group had a history of cigarette smoke exposure at home for >26 years. Forty-one percent of adult women in the case group had their first pregnancy aged >35 years. Statistical tests showed a significant association between cigarette smoke exposure and breast cancer incidence (p = 0.004 and OR = 9.054). Age at first pregnancy >35 years was also significantly associated with breast cancer incidence (p = 0.002; OR = 6.552). The study concluded that there is a significant association between cigarette smoke exposure and age at first pregnancy >35 years and breast cancer incidence. Breast cancer prevention is important by implementing smoke-free areas at the household level and avoiding pregnancy at risk through education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anggun Anisyabilla Anisyabilla, Sadiman Sadiman, Yoga Triwijayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Some Qur'anic Terminologies of Thinking and Their Positive Impacts on the Human Life
The holy Qur’an uses near about thirty terminologies related to the human thinking. Some of them are mentioned here in this article, such as: Conceiving, perceiving, retrieving, considering, deliberating, comprehending, grasping, reasoning, contemplating, pondering and to draw some fruitful lessons. Many of these terminologies have some additional positive connotations besides denoting the different levels of thinking. Before analyzing these terminologies, it is better to know further about the Islamic concept of knowledge and introduce it as being the important object of knowledge. The aim of this research is to know the real concept of knowledge in Islam, so that it will be easier for us to analyze the terminologies of Qur'anic thinking and their positive impacts on the human life. We also use in this article some opinions of Muslim thinkers and Western scholars in the concept of knowledge using a descriptive analytical approach, which is always being useful in search of such kind of issues related to interpretation of the Qur’an and it is worth to declare that we mention some needed examples also from the verses of the Qur'an.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zamakhsyari bin Hasballah Thaib https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN COCONUT WATER AND EFFLEURAGE MASSAGE ON REDUCING THE INTENSITY OF PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA PAIN IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT THE DEWI MEDIKA PRIMARY CLINIC IN 2025
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of dysmenorrhea cases in 2020 was 1,769,425 individuals, with 90% being female. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia is 54.89% for primary dysmenorrhea and 9.36% for secondary dysmenorrhea. In DKI Jakarta, the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea is 87.5%. Menstrual pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, occurs due to dysrhythmic contractions of the myometrium. The pain often interferes with daily activities, making its impact on adolescent girls particularly significant. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of green coconut water and effleurage massage on reducing the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea pain in adolescent girls at Dewi Medika Primary Clinic in 2025. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The sample consisted of two respondents experiencing primary dysmenorrhea, comparing one who received green coconut water and the other who received effleurage massage. The study was conducted in February 2025. The results showed a reduction in pain intensity in adolescents who experienced primary dysmenorrhea after receiving either green coconut water or effleurage massage. The decrease in pain intensity was more effective and occurred more quickly in the adolescent who received the effleurage massage compared to the one who received green coconut water.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salma Hanani, Fanni Hanifa, Magdalena Tri Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
SPATIAL PLANNING AND HOUSING REGULATIONS FOR COSMO PARK THAMRIN CITY, CENTRAL JAKARTA
The development of the Jakarta metropolitan area encourages the emergence of mixed-use development concepts that integrate residential functions with commercial activities in a single vertical complex. Cosmo Park Housing, located above Thamrin City Mall, represents an innovation in vertical space utilization, yet raises issues regarding spatial planning compliance and regulatory adherence. This research employs a normative juridical approach with library research methods to analyze the conformity of space utilization with zoning regulations, compliance with spatial planning regulations, and implications of mixed-use models on space utilization control in strategic areas. Research findings indicate discrepancies between initial Building Permits and construction realization, legal antinomy in determining ownership status, and regulatory void regarding technical integration of horizontal housing with vertical commercial structures. Regulatory gaps and licensing practices indicate weak supervision mechanisms and harmonization of legal instruments. This research recommends the formulation of specific regulations, strengthening institutional capacity, implementation of public participation, and harmonization of legislative regulations to ensure sustainable mixed-use development that complies with spatial planning principles.
Copyright (c) 2025 Helima Hutagaol, Akhmad Faruq, Irvon Dasrah, Rachmaiyanti Rachmaiyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF CLASSICAL GUIDANCE SERVICES BASED ON PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TO IMPROVE CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING BEHAVIORS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Abstract This reserach aims to analyze student needs through the Student Needs Questionnaire (AKPD) and to design classical guidance services on the topic of Clean and Healthy Living (PHBS) in class X-1 at SMAN 1 Baros. This study uses a qualitative approach involving observation and interviews. Based on the results of the AKPD analysis of 33 respondents, it was found that 38.03% of the problems were in the personal domain, particularly related to a lack of understanding of maintaining personal health. This shows the urgency of developing basic counseling services that are preventive in nature with the aim of increasing students' awareness of the importance of PHBS. The service methods used were Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and the Korogaru Bidama educational game to increase interactivity. The results of the implementation showed that students were able to identify the benefits of PHBS, change their behavior to be healthier, and design simple programs related to healthy living habits. This article contributes to strengthening preventive counseling services based on the real needs of students, while also emphasizing the important role of guidance counselors in supporting the formation of healthy character in students.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohamad Kevin, Diaz Muhammad Noory, Fathia Alida Safina, Muhamad Dimas, Evi Afiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0