Dharmawangsa: International Journal of the Social Sciences, Education and Humanitis
2716-5132 (Media Cetak) 2723-0783 (Media online) About the Jounal Dharmawangsa International Journal of The Social Sciences, Education and Humanities is a journal published by the Research Institute of Dharawangsa University, Medan. This journal is published periodically three times a year, namely in March, July and November. Articles published in this journal are articles that examine the fields of social science, law, economics, sociology, education, and Humanities. both in the form of conceptual, research findings, books and biographies of figures. The languages used in this journal are English and Arabic. Without reducing scientific weight, this journal accepts written contributions that have never been published in other print media. All articles that enter will go through a peer-review process after fulfilling the requirements according to scientific article writing guidelines.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cover Jurnal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Copyright (c) 2026 Table of Contents https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
AN INDUSTRIAL VISIT TO PT ATLANTIC BIRURAYA AS A LEARNING MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO SUPPORT WORK READINESS
Industrial visits can be positioned as part of experiential learning managed within a learning management framework to prepare students for entering the workforce. The main issue addressed in this study is the limited understanding of students regarding real industrial conditions, which has implications for their work readiness. This study aims to examine the role of industrial visits at PT Atlantic Biruraya as a learning strategy in supporting students' work readiness. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through observation, limited interviews, and documentation during the implementation of the activity. The findings indicate that industrial visits, when managed through structured stages of planning, implementation, and evaluation, are able to provide more systematic learning experiences. The activity also enriches students' understanding of industrial operational systems, professional work culture, and encourages the development of work-related attitudes such as discipline and responsibility. Therefore, industrial visits can be optimally utilized as an experiential learning management strategy to support students' work readiness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rubingatun Rubingatun, Bagus eka Febriansyah, Imtihana aulia Ramadhoni, Kiki Melinda Rosalia, Rully Erika Firanda, Sisilia Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF MORAL MESSAGES FOR CHILDREN IN THE FILM JUMBO.
This study was conducted to analyze the moral messages conveyed to children through the animated film Jumbo, focusing on how moral values are represented through narrative structure, symbols, and visual elements. The research was motivated by the growing role of film as a mass communication medium that not only entertains but also educates and shapes children’s character. Although Jumbo presents themes such as friendship, courage, self-acceptance, empathy, and respect for differences, these values are often delivered implicitly, which may cause audiences, particularly children, to overlook or misinterpret the intended moral messages. Therefore, this research aims to identify the moral messages contained in the film and examine their suitability for child audiences. This study employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive content analysis method. Primary data were obtained through repeated observation of the film to identify significant scenes, dialogues, symbols, and visual representations related to moral values. Secondary data were collected from documentation, including film reviews, articles, and related supporting materials. In addition, informants from the Child Protection Division of DP3A Bandar Lampung City were involved to assess the alignment of the film’s moral messages with child-friendly content standards. The findings indicate that Jumbo contains strong moral messages related to friendship, anti-bullying, emotional resilience, self-acceptance, and spiritual values, which are conveyed through symbolic visuals and character development. The study concludes that Jumbo is suitable as a child-friendly film and has the potential to function as an effective medium for moral education, while also contributing to communication studies, particularly in the analysis of moral messages in audio-visual media.
Copyright (c) 2026 Talenta Dida, Talenta Dida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, SPOUSAL SUPPORT AND MATERNAL NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH BREAST MILK PRODUCTION AMONG BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS AT THE SITI SRI KOMALASARI MIDWIFE CLINIC, CIBEREUM VILLAGE, CIANJUR IN 2022
Breast milk is an ideal source of nutrition and the safest food for babies during the first 4-6 months of life. Reduced breast milk production is a problem in new mothers and there are factors that affect breast milk production such as support from the husband, closest people, and nutritional adequacy of the mother and exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, husband support, and maternal nutritional adequacy with breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers at PMB Midwife Siti Dri Komalasari KP. Cibereum Cianjur. This research is a quantitative type that is analytical in nature with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted at PMB Midwife Siti Sri Komalasari KP. Cibereum Cianjur. The research time is June-August 2022. In this study, the population was 40 breastfeeding mothers and the sample used saturated samples in which the entire population was sampled. Researchers used the Chi Square test. Based on the results of the study Frequency distribution, it is known that the majority of breastfeeding mothers in PMB Midwife Siti Sri Komalasari KP. Cibereum Cianjur of 25 respondents (62.5%) had a lot of breast milk production and 15 respondents (37.5%) had little breast milk production. The results of the exclusive breast milk statistical test with the production of breast milk for breastfeeding mothers with a value of P value = 0.026, husband support with breast milk production of breastfeeding mothers with a value of P value = 0.000, Nutritional adequacy with the production of breast milk for breastfeeding mothers with a value of P value = 0.009. In conclusion, there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, husband support, maternal nutritional adequacy and the production of breast milk for mothers in the pmb midwife Siti Sri Komalasari KP. Cibereum Cianjur. Advice for PMB Midwife Siti Sri Komalasari is expected to increase socialization to the community, especially breastfeeding mothers about exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional adequacy, and breast milk production.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alifa Intan Al-Muttahasin, Agus Santi Br. Ginting, Agustina S https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VILLAGE FUND BASED (CASH FOR WORK) PROGRAMS IN RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT (A STUDY OF NOELBAKI AND MATA AIR VILLAGES IN KUPANG TENGAH SUBDISTRICT)
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Cash for Work program in infrastructure development in Noelbaki Village and Mata Air Village, as well as to identify the obstacles encountered during its implementation. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using the effectiveness measurement framework of Lubis and Huseini, which consists of the resource, process, and target approaches. Data were analyzed using NVivo 12 software. The results show that the implementation of the Cash for Work program in infrastructure development in Noelbaki Village is considered effective in terms of resources, process, and targets. This is reflected in the availability of funding sources, local labor, and adequate facilities and infrastructure, the implementation in accordance with the principles of the Cash for Work program, and the achievement of program objectives. Meanwhile, Mata Air Village is categorized as moderately effective. From the resource perspective, the availability of facilities and infrastructure is still inadequate, and from the process perspective, the self-managed (swakelola) principle has not been optimally implemented. The main obstacles identified in both Noelbaki Village and Mata Air Village include land acquisition issues from the community and delays in the distribution of materials to infrastructure development sites.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melania Andriani Astuti, Cicilia Apriliana Tungga, Rikhard T. C. Bolang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN CREATING CHILD-FRIENDLY SCHOOLS AT MURHUM KINDERGARTEN
This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in creating child-friendly schools at Murhum Kindergarten, especially their role as motivators and role models for children. A child-friendly school is an educational environment that ensures children’s rights, safety, comfort, participation, and optimal development during the learning process. Teachers play an important role in creating a positive and supportive atmosphere that helps children develop socially, emotionally, and academically. This research used a qualitative descriptive method with observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The participants included teachers and the principal of Murhum Kindergarten. The findings show that teachers contribute significantly to implementing child-friendly school principles through caring interactions, positive communication, enjoyable learning methods, and non-violent discipline. As motivators, teachers encourage children to participate actively, build self-confidence, and develop enthusiasm for learning through appreciation and emotional support. As role models, teachers demonstrate discipline, honesty, politeness, responsibility, and empathy, which influence children’s behavior positively. The study concludes that teachers have a central role in realizing child-friendly schools at Murhum Kindergarten through their functions as educators, motivators, and role models.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ermina Pratiwi, Rachman Saleh, Hartati Hartati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR INVESTMENT AND AGRICULTURAL SECTOR LABOR ON GROSS REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GRDP) IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN NAGEKEO REGENCY
This study aims to determine the extent of influence of government expenditure in the agricultural sector, agricultural investment, and agricultural labor on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) in the agricultural sector in Nagekeo Regency. This study uses quantitative descriptive research, with the analysis method used being multiple linear regression with secondary time series data. The results of this study indicate that, partially, the variables of government expenditure in the agricultural sector and investment in the agricultural sector have a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of the agricultural sector in Nagekeo Regency. The variable of agricultural labor in the agricultural sector does not have a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of the agricultural sector in Nagekeo Regency. Simultaneously, or collectively, the variables of government expenditure in the agricultural sector, investment in the agricultural sector, and labor in the agricultural sector have a positive and significant effect on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of the agricultural sector in Nagekeo Regency. Keywords: Government Expenditure in the Agricultural Sector, Investment in the Agricultural Sector, Labor in the Agricultural Sector, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of the Agricultural Sector
Copyright (c) 2026 Katarina Wea Logho, Cicilia Apriliana Tungga, Muhammad Alwan Habibi Mushlih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) AND EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA (NTT) PROVINCE DURING THE PERIOD 2010–2024: A VECM APPROACH
This study aims to analyze the long-run relationship, effects, and dynamic interactions between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), exports, and economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province during the period 2010–2024. The research employs a quantitative approach using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) based on quarterly secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Ministry of Investment/BKPM. The results indicate the existence of a long-run relationship among FDI, exports, and economic growth. Partially, FDI has a significant negative effect on economic growth with a coefficient of -0.057630, while exports have no significant effect. The findings also reveal that there is no strong causal relationship among the variables, and the adjustment process toward long-run equilibrium tends to occur slowly, as indicated by the Error Correction Term (ECT) value of -0.130392. In addition, the contribution of FDI and exports to economic growth remains relatively low compared to domestic factors. These findings suggest that the role of FDI and exports in promoting economic growth in NTT has not been optimal due to structural constraints such as low value-added production, weak sectoral linkages, and limited infrastructure.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fransisco X Lay, Maria Indriyani H. Tiwu, Rikhard T. C. Bolang, Fransina W. Ballo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL DISTRESS, AUDIT FEES, AND COMPANY SIZE ON THE INTEGRITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTS
This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Distress, Audit Fees, and Company Size on the Integrity of Financial Statements. This type of research uses quantitative methods. The population used in this study is Property and Real Estate Companies listed on the IDX for the period 2019-2023. The sampling technique uses Purposive Sampling to determine the most suitable criteria in this study. The criteria have been determined for 29 companies. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression with the help of Eviews 12 Software. The results of this study simultaneously Financial Distress, Audit Fees, and Company Size have a significant effect on the Integrity of Financial Statements. While partially Financial Distress has a significant effect on the Integrity of Financial Statements, Audit Fees do not affect the Integrity of Financial Statements, and Company Size does not affect the Integrity of Financial Statements.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Eko Ariwibowo, Siarwi Siarwi, R.Mohd Zamzami, Rananda Septanta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF AUDIT REPORT LAG, AUDIT REPUTATION, AND AUDIT TENURE ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF GOING CONCERN AUDIT OPINIONS
This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of audit report lag, audit reputation, and audit tenure on the acceptance of going concern audit opinion. This study was conducted by analyzing the financial statements of companies in the Consumer noncyclical sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2024 research year. The sample used in this study were Consumer non-cyclical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019-2024 period using a purposive sampling technique with predetermined criteria of 125 companies and obtained 39 companies. The number of samples was 39 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 20192024 samples with a period of 5 consecutive years and produced 195 data. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of financial statements from each company that has been used as a research sample. The variables used in this study are the audit report lag variable as the first variable, audit reputation as the second independent variable, and audit tenure as the third variable. The analysis technique used was logistic regression analysis with the help of E-Views 12. The results of this study indicate that audit report lag, audit reputation, and audit tenure simultaneously influence the acceptance of a going-concern audit opinion. However, partially, audit report lag and audit reputation do not have a significant effect. Audit tenure, on the other hand, significantly influences the acceptance of a going-concern audit opinion. Keywords: Going-Concern Audit Opinion, Audit Report Lag, Audit Reputation, Audit Tenure
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Syauqi, Sairin Sairin, Lia Sahara, Rananda Septanta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Village Infrastructure Development Planning Based on the conditions and potential of the area in Baumata Timur Village, Taebenu District, Kupang Regency in 2023
Infrastructure development is a crucial aspect in efforts to improve the welfare of rural communities. Based on Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, villages have the authority to manage their own natural resources and potential to improve community welfare. However, rural infrastructure development still faces various challenges, including disparities between infrastructure sectors. This study aims to analyze village infrastructure development planning based on regional conditions and potential in East Baumata Village, and evaluate the effectiveness of Musrenbang in the planning process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The results show that the condition of infrastructure in East Baumata Village shows disparities between sectors. Road infrastructure is still not optimal with damaged, bumpy, and potholed conditions which are the main complaints of the community. In contrast, clean water and irrigation infrastructure are relatively adequate and managed through BUMDes. The village's potential lies in the agricultural sector (rice fields 40.5 ha/m2) and livestock, which are the main livelihoods of the community. Development planning has taken into account regional conditions and potential as reflected in the RPJMDes and RKPDes, but still faces budget constraints in its implementation. The implementation of the Musrenbang (Village Development Planning) has involved active community participation, but its effectiveness has not been optimal due to limited village fiscal capacity. Keywords: Village Infrastructure, Development Planning, Regional Potential, Effectiveness of MusrenbangDes
Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Goreti Susanti, Fransina W. Ballo, Olivia L.E Tomasowa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of Iron Supplementation in Reducing the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls at Darussalam Wanaraja High School in Garut Regency in 2025
Adolescents are a generation that needs to be prepared to contribute to national development and compete globally. Healthy, intelligent, and cheerful adolescents are the key to creating superior human resources (HR). Anemia remains a significant global health problem, particularly among adolescents and women of childbearing age. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2023), the prevalence of anemia among women aged 15–49 worldwide reaches 30.7%, while among pregnant women it reaches 35.5%, with the highest rates found in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. This situation reflects that anemia remains a major challenge in efforts to improve the nutritional status and health of the global population. In Indonesia, a similar problem remains high (WHO, 2023). In West Java Province, the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls remains relatively high and shows an increasing trend. Data from the West Java Provincial Health Office indicates that the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls will reach approximately 45% in 2024, increasing to approximately 47% in 2025 (West Java Health Office, 2025). Darussalam Wanaraja High School, one of the schools within the Wanaraja Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, Wanaraja District, Garut Regency, also contributes to the highest incidence of anemia among adolescents compared to other schools in the same area. A common cause of anemia is a decrease in the number of erocytes or hemoglobin levels in the blood. Based on the above description, the researchers were interested in conducting a study entitled "The Effectiveness of Iron Supplementation in Reducing the Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls at Darussalam Wanaraja High School, Garut Regency in 2026."
Copyright (c) 2026 Dina Mega Riana, Rita Ayu Ayu yolanda, Siti Hodijah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of the Sweet Thumbs Innovation Service Regarding Electronic ID Card Ownership in Central Amuntai District, North Hulu Sungai Regency (Case Study of State Vocational High School 1 Amuntai and State Vocational High School 2 Amuntai)
Abstract The Jempol Manis program, an innovative mobile E-KTP recording service at vocational schools in rural Kalimantan Selatan, faces an accessibility paradox: bringing civil registry services closer to productive-age students while hindered by low participation due to weak coordination and technical constraints. This qualitative case study aims to describe service effectiveness at two Amuntai Tengah vocational high schools and identify supporting-inhibiting factors from participants' experiential perspectives. Through triangulation of in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis with 13 informants (students, teachers, Dukcapil officers), data were thematically analyzed following the Miles & Huberman model using Campbell J.P.'s effectiveness theory lens. Findings reveal "moderately effective" performance characterized by simple procedures and school schedule compatibility strengths, but limited by absent formal SOPs, VPN network disruptions, and students' minimal administrative awareness. Participants' narratives highlight effectiveness as a social construction of operational trust among stakeholders rather than mere infrastructure. Theoretically, the study enriches rural public service understanding through qualitative perspectives; practically recommends detailed SOPs, quarterly scheduling, and curricular socialization opening further exploration into digital identity literacy among rural Generation Z in Indonesia. Keyword: service effectiveness, Jempol Manis, E-KTP
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Arsyad, Arief Budiman, Isnawati Isnawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Case Study Literature Review (CSLR) The Effect of Boiled Basil and Turmeric on Vaginal Discharge in Adolescent Girls at SMAN 1 Sindangbarang, Cianjur Regency 2025
Abstrack Vaginal discharge is a common condition experienced by women and can be physiological or pathological. Appropriate treatment is needed to reduce the severity of vaginal discharge and prevent further complications. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of interventions in reducing vaginal discharge levels in respondents based on changes in scores from the first visit to day 7. This study used an observational design with a pre-post approach without a control group. The study subjects consisted of four respondents who were measured at three times: the first visit, day 3, and day 7. Vaginal discharge was assessed using a score with categories: 0–5 normal/physiological, 6–10 mild vaginal discharge, 11–15 moderate vaginal discharge, and ≥16 pathological vaginal discharge. Analysis was performed by comparing the decrease in scores between the first visit and day 7. The results of the study show that in the first table there was a significant decrease in scores in all respondents, namely between 7–9 points, with a change in category from mild-moderate vaginal discharge to normal/physiological. Meanwhile, in the second table, the score decrease ranged from 3–6 points, and most respondents remained in the mild vaginal discharge category. Only one respondent achieved normal discharge. The conclusion of this study indicates that the intervention in the first group was more effective in reducing vaginal discharge levels than in the second group, as seen from the magnitude of the score decrease and the change in the category to normal discharge. Keywords: vaginal discharge, effectiveness, score decrease, women's reproductive health Reference: Journal (2021-2024)
Copyright (c) 2026 Parmi Rahmayanti, Fenni Valianda Amelia Ramadhan, Putri Agus Febriyani, Ai Nurhayati Amalia Amalia, Dini Rinjani, Rika Puji Rustiwa, Tuti Nurhayati, Shinta Nurmallah, Rika Rustianti, Winwin Maulani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL LEADING SECTORS AS A BASIS FOR DETAILED SPATIAL PLANNING (RDTR) WEST SUMBA REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the structure and classification of economic sectors in West Sumba Regency, examine the utilization of leading sectors as a basis for the preparation of the Detailed Spatial Planning (RDTR), and formulate policy directions for the development of leading sectors in supporting regional spatial planning. The study employed a quantitative descriptive approach using the Klassen Typology analysis method based on sectoral growth rates and contributions to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The data used consisted of secondary data, including the GRDP of West Sumba Regency for the period 2020–2024, RPJMD, RKPD, RPJPD documents, and regional regulations related to regional development. The results indicate that the economic structure of West Sumba Regency is still dominated by the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sector. However, several leading sectors possess significant potential to drive regional economic growth, including wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing industry, financial and insurance services, real estate, and educational services. Based on the Klassen Typology analysis, the economic sectors in West Sumba Regency are classified into four categories, namely advanced and rapidly growing sectors, advanced but depressed sectors, developing sectors, and relatively underdeveloped sectors. The findings also reveal that the utilization of leading sector analysis can serve as a foundation for the preparation of the RDTR through the determination of regional development zones, strengthening economic growth centers, and spatial allocation aligned with regional characteristics and economic potential. Therefore, policy directions for the development of leading sectors should focus on strengthening regional infrastructure, increasing investment, developing human resources, and optimizing local potential sustainably in order to support more effective, well-directed, and locally based regional development in West Sumba Regency. Keywords: Leading Sectors, Klassen Typology, RDTR, Regional Economic Development, Spatial Planning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gill kodo, fransina w Ballo, olivia l. Eunike tomasowa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF THE SETTLEMENT SERVICE CENTER SYSTEM ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF KUPANG CITY SPATIAL PLANNING POLICY
The purpose of this study is to analyze the settlement service center system in relation to the effectiveness of spatial planning policy in Kupang City. This study employs a descriptive quantitative approach using scalogram analysis, the Hansen gravity model, and an evaluation of the Kupang City Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2011–2031. The results indicate that the Coefficient of Reproducibility (COR) value is below the feasibility standard (<0.9), showing that the distribution of facilities in Kupang City is still uneven. Gravity analysis reveals that Oebobo and Maulafa Districts have relatively higher levels of accessibility and regional interaction compared to other districts. Meanwhile, several districts still experience limitations in educational, health, and economic facilities. These conditions indicate that the implementation of spatial planning policy has not yet fully aligned with the directions of the Kupang City RTRW 2011–2031. This study recommends the equitable distribution of public facilities, the strengthening of secondary service centers, and the improvement of interregional infrastructure to support balanced development and the effectiveness of spatial planning policy in Kupang City. Keywords: Settlement Service Centers, Effectiveness of Spatial Planning Policy, Scalogram, Gravity Model, RTRW, Kupang City.
Copyright (c) 2026 Johanes Renolia, fransina w. Ballo, olivia lousie e Tomasowa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF SUPERVISION OF SCHOOL OPERATIONAL ASSISTANCE (BOS) FUND MANAGEMENT AT SDI WAE CIU, LAMBA LEDA UTARA DISTRICT, EAST MANGGARAI REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the oversight of the management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) Funds at Wae Ciu Elementary School, Lamba Leda Utara District, East Manggarai Regency, based on Minister of Education and Culture Regulation Number 8 of 2026. The focus of the study covers the five stages of BOS Fund management: planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability, the implementation of internal and external supervision, and the obstacles encountered in overseeing BOS Fund management.This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study approach. Data sources were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research informants included the school principal, the BOS treasurer, the school committee, and representatives from the East Manggarai Regency Education Office. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, using source and method triangulation to ensure data validity.The research results indicate that the management of the School Operational Assistance (BOS) Fund at SDI Wae Ciu has generally been carried out according to the stages stipulated in Ministerial Regulation Number 8 of 2026. Planning is carried out through the participatory preparation of the School Operational Work Plan (RKAS) involving the principal, treasurer, teachers, and school committee. The implementation and administration of the BOS Fund utilize the ARKAS application and are supported by orderly and complete bookkeeping. Reporting is submitted periodically to the Education Office through a government established system. Internal oversight is carried out by the principal and school committee through document and bookkeeping audits, while external oversight is carried out by the Education Office through monitoring and verification of reports.This research also identified several obstacles in the oversight of BOS Fund management, including the high cost of financing teacher honorariums, limited internet access for using the ARKAS application, and limited human resource capacity in mastering technology. Therefore, increased compliance with regulations, strengthened oversight, and increased capacity of BOS Fund managers are needed to ensure more accountable, transparent, effective, and efficient management of the Fund. Keywords: Supervision, BOS Fund Management, Accountability, Transparency, ARKAS.
Copyright (c) 2026 roselina alfera, apriana h. J. Fanggidae, siprianus g. Tefa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
IMPLEMENTATION OF VILLAGE FINANCIAL SYSTEM (SISKEUDES) IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN PAMATANG ASILOM VILLAGE, GUNUNG MALELA DISTRICT, SIMALUNGUN REGENCY
Abstract This study examines how the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) is implemented in village financial management at Nagori Pamatang Asilom, Gunung Malela Sub-district, Simalungun Regency, and identifies the supporting and inhibiting factors during its application. A qualitative descriptive method was used. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observation, and documentation. The informants consisted of the Pangulu, the Village Secretary who acts as the Siskeudes operator, the Head of Financial Affairs, the Chair of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), the Village Facilitator, and the Sub-district Section Head for Village Community Empowerment. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, while the implementation analysis adopted George C. Edwards III's framework. The findings show that Siskeudes has been applied across all stages of village financial management, namely planning, execution and administration, as well as reporting and accountability. Its application has improved transparency, accountability, and administrative orderliness. Several obstacles still occur. These include limited internet connectivity and VPN access, electricity outages, and the limited capacity of human resources in operating the application. The village government has responded through coordination with village facilitators, technical training, infrastructure improvement, and periodic data backup. The study concludes that the success of Siskeudes implementation rests on the integration of policy commitment, human-resource capacity, supporting infrastructure, and continuous mentoring and supervision. Keywords: Siskeudes; Village Financial Management; Policy Implementation; Transparency; Accountability
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Wardan, Jhon Simo, Kariaman Sinag https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
EVALUATION OF VILLAGE INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN LIMAU SUNDAI VILLAGE, AIR PUTIH DISTRICT, BATU BARA REGENCY
Abstract Village infrastructure development is a strategic instrument to improve community welfare and to strengthen development equity in rural areas. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of village infrastructure development policies in Limau Sundai Village, Air Putih Sub-district, Batu Bara Regency. The evaluation focuses on planning and implementation processes, community participation, supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as policy outcomes and impacts on socio-economic conditions. A qualitative descriptive method was applied. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document study. The informants comprised village officials, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), the Activity Implementation Team (TPK), community leaders, and beneficiary residents. The data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, while the policy evaluation framework drew on William N. Dunn's six evaluation criteria and George C. Edwards III's policy implementation model. The findings indicate that the village infrastructure policy has been carried out in accordance with formal village procedures and has improved accessibility, mobility, and local economic activity. Several challenges remain. These include the limited technical capacity of implementers, the suboptimal community participation in monitoring and maintenance, and inequitable benefit distribution across hamlets. The study concludes that strengthening transparency, meaningful participation, quality control, and sustainable maintenance arrangements is essential to enhance the long-term effectiveness of village infrastructure policies. Keywords: Policy Evaluation; Village Infrastructure Development; Village Fund; Community Participation; Public Welfare
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitra Sirait, Jhon Simon, Kariaman Sinaga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
EMPOWERMENT OF VILLAGE COMMUNITIES IN PROCUREMENT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN PEMATANG KUING VILLAGE, SEI SUKA DISTRICT, BATU BARA REGENCY
Abstract This study aims to analyse community empowerment in the procurement of road infrastructure in Pematang Kuing Village, Sei Suka Sub-district, Batu Bara Regency. Road infrastructure plays a vital role in improving accessibility, supporting economic activities, and strengthening rural welfare. Following the implementation of Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, rural communities are positioned as subjects of development who are encouraged to participate actively in every stage of village development, including planning, execution, and maintenance of road infrastructure. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case-study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, documentation, and field notes. Informants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling, comprising the Village Head, village officials, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), community leaders, and beneficiary residents directly involved in road development. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The findings show that community empowerment in road procurement is realised through participation in village deliberation, the involvement of local labour through gotong royong and labour-intensive programmes, and community engagement in monitoring and maintenance. Supporting factors include strong social capital, the Village Fund policy framework, and communicative village leadership. Inhibiting factors comprise budget limitations, technical constraints, and suboptimal management capacity. The study concludes that strengthening institutional capacity, transparency, and meaningful participation is essential for sustainable road infrastructure outcomes at the village level. Keywords: Community Empowerment; Community Participation; Village Road Infrastructure; Village Fund; Sustainable Village Development
Copyright (c) 2026 Khairunnisa Khairunnisa, Jhon Simon, Rahman Tahir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
MOTIVATION FOR IMPLEMENTING GOOD GOVERNANCE AND THE PUBLIC SATISFACTION INDEX IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY IN NENAS SIAM VILLAGE, BATU BARA REGENCY
This study analyses the influence of motivation in implementing good governance principles on the Community Satisfaction Index (CSI/IKM) in the implementation of regional autonomy at Nenas Siam Village, Batu Bara Regency. Good governance is conceptualised as a paradigm of public administration grounded in transparency, accountability, responsiveness, effectiveness, efficiency, the rule of law, and public participation. At the village level, the realisation of these principles depends substantially on the motivation of village officials in translating them into daily public service practices. The study uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational design. Data were collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 91 respondents drawn from village service users using stratified random sampling. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression. The findings show a positive and statistically significant relationship between the motivation to implement good governance and the Community Satisfaction Index. The correlation coefficient falls within the strong category, and the regression results indicate that an increase in officials' motivation contributes meaningfully to higher community satisfaction with public services. The coefficient of determination shows that more than half of the variation in satisfaction can be explained by the motivation to implement good governance. The study concludes that strengthening officials' work motivation through accountable leadership, professional work culture, and CSI-based evaluation mechanisms is a key strategy for improving the quality of regional autonomy at the village level. Keywords: Village Officials' Motivation; Good Governance; Community Satisfaction Index; Public Service; Regional Autonomy
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Syafii, Budiman Purba, Tomi Jaffisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRATEGY OF COMMUNITY SOCIAL CARE MANAGEMENT (PPKM) IN IMPROVING COMMUNITY WELFARE IN SENGON SARI VILLAGE, AEK KUASAN DISTRICT, ASAHAN REGENCY
Improving rural community welfare does not depend on government policy alone. It requires the active role of communities through community-based social initiatives. One such initiative is the PPKM AlIkhlas (Pengurus Peduli Kesosialan Masyarakat) programme in Sengon Sari Village, Aek Kuasan Subdistrict, Asahan Regency. This programme reflects social solidarity in supporting villagers facing social and economic difficulties. The study aims to analyse the strategies of PPKM Al-Ikhlas in improving community welfare, to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors of programme implementation, and to describe the contribution of the programme to community welfare in the village. A qualitative descriptive method was used. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants comprised PPKM Al-Ikhlas committee members, village officials, community leaders, and beneficiary residents. Data were analysed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the strategies adopted by PPKM Al-Ikhlas rely on participatory approaches, community deliberation, and direct service to those in need. Supporting factors include strong values of mutual cooperation, community-level social concern, and trust in the committee. Inhibiting factors include limited financial resources, simple administrative management, and uneven community participation. The programme has contributed positively to community welfare, both through the fulfilment of basic needs and the strengthening of social solidarity. PPKM Al-Ikhlas thus functions as a community-based social initiative that complements the role of village government in advancing rural welfare. Keywords: Strategy; PPKM; Community Welfare; Social Initiative; Sengon Sari Village
Copyright (c) 2026 Pendi Santoso, Jhon Simon, Muzayanah Br Depari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
EVALUATION OF VILLAGE GOVERNMENT POLICY ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN KWALA SERAPUH VILLAGE, TANJUNG PURA DISTRICT, LANGKAT REGENCY
Poverty is a multidimensional social problem that remains a major challenge in development, particularly in rural areas. As the frontline of local government, village authorities play a strategic role in formulating and implementing poverty alleviation policies that match local needs. This study aims to evaluate the policies of the Kwala Serapuh Village government in addressing poverty, focusing on the form of policies, the implementation process, the effectiveness of policies, and the supporting and inhibiting factors of implementation. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case-study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observation, and document studies involving village officials, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), village facilitators, community leaders, and beneficiary residents. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that poverty alleviation policies in Kwala Serapuh have been moderately effective in supporting the basic needs of poor households through social assistance programmes, particularly the Direct Cash Assistance from Village Funds (BLT-DD) and basic infrastructure development. However, the policies have not fully addressed the structural roots of poverty, such as the absence of stable income and limited access to economic resources. Supporting factors include the commitment of village officials, the support of BPD, and the role of village facilitators. Inhibiting factors include limited human-resource capacity, inaccurate poverty data, and suboptimal community participation. Strengthening empowerment-based policies is therefore essential for sustainable poverty alleviation at the village level. Keywords: Policy Evaluation; Village Government; Poverty Alleviation; Village Fund; Kwala Serapuh Village
Copyright (c) 2026 Risky Hamdani, Kariaman Sinaga, Rahman Tahir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
VILLAGE GOVERNMENT MOTIVATION IN EMPOWERING VILLAGE COMMUNITIES IN VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN LALANG VILLAGE, MEDANG DERAS DISTRICT, BATU BARA REGENCY
Rural community empowerment is a strategic instrument for participatory and sustainable village development. Village government plays a central role as the prime mover in motivating residents to engage actively in development. This study aims to analyse the form and manifestation of village government motivation in empowering communities, identify the factors influencing this motivation, and assess the implications of village government motivation on the success of village development in Lalang Village, Medang Deras Sub-district, Batu Bara Regency. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case-study method. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation involving the Village Head, village officials, community leaders, and beneficiary residents. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, supported by triangulation. The findings show that the motivation of village government emerges from a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is reflected in the sense of responsibility, the commitment to public service, and the pride of village officials in advancing the village. Extrinsic motivation arises from policy support, social recognition, leadership of the Village Head, and the availability of work facilities. Driving factors include participatory leadership, clear task division, capacity building, and community support. Inhibiting factors include limited official competence, high administrative burden, uneven community participation, and local socio-political dynamics. Government motivation indirectly influences village development through the quality of empowerment processes, namely awareness raising, capacity strengthening, and empowerment. Strong motivation among officials promotes higher community participation, institutional consolidation, and the rise of local economic initiatives. Keywords: Village Government Motivation; Community Empowerment; Village Development; Community Participation; Rural Governance
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosmaini Rosmaini, kariaman sinaga, Muzayanah Br Depari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
CASE STUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE HOME INDUSTRY PROGRAM IN NENAS SIAM VILLAGE, MEDANG DERAS DISTRICT, BATU BARA REGENCY
This study aims to analyse the implementation of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs/UMKM) home-industry programme in Nenas Siam Village, Medang Deras Sub-district, Batu Bara Regency. Home-industry MSMEs play a strategic role in the economic empowerment of rural communities, particularly in raising household income and creating family-based employment opportunities. However, the implementation of MSME programmes at the village level still faces multiple challenges, ranging from capital, human resource capacity, and marketing to institutional aspects. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case-study method. Data were collected through in depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving home-industry MSME actors, village officials, programme facilitators, and other related stakeholders. Data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the implementation of the home-industry MSME programme in Nenas Siam Village has progressed through socialisation, training, mentoring, and business facilitation. Nevertheless, programme implementation has not been fully optimal. The village government plays a role as facilitator and connector among parties, while related agencies and facilitators provide technical and managerial support. The main constraints faced by businesses include limited capital, equipment, marketing, and low business management capacity. Despite these constraints, the programme has produced positive impacts in terms of higher product quality, increased self-confidence among entrepreneurs, and contribution to household income. The study provides recommendations for governments and stakeholders to strengthen the implementation of home-industry MSME programmes in rural areas. Keywords: MSME; Home Industry; Community Empowerment; Case Study; Village
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Devi, Jhon Simon, fandi siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF VILLAGE REGULATIONS (PERDES) IN SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOVERNANCE AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: A CASE STUDY IN PAKAM VILLAGE, MEDANG DERAS DISTRICT, BATU BARA REGENCY
This study aims to analyse the role of Village Regulations (Perdes) in supporting sustainable development governance at the local level, particularly in Pakam Village, Medang Deras Sub-district, Batu Bara Regency. Sustainable development at the village level requires a balance among economic, social, and environmental dimensions, and its implementation depends on a strong and participatory local regulatory framework. As a legal product of the village, Perdes plays a strategic role in directing development, defining implementation mechanisms, and articulating community involvement in development processes. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case-study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation of Perdes and village development activities. Informants included village officials, the Village Consultative Body (BPD), village facilitators, community leaders, and beneficiary residents. The data were analysed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that Perdes in Pakam Village functions as a normative foundation for guiding sustainable development governance. The effectiveness of Perdes, however, is influenced by the level of community participation, the capacity of village officials, and the consistency of monitoring and policy implementation. The study concludes that Perdes is not only an administrative instrument but also a strategic means to realise sustainable village development, provided it is supported by participatory drafting, accountable implementation, and effective oversight. Keywords: Village Regulation; Local Governance; Sustainable Development; SDGs Desa; Pakam Village
Copyright (c) 2026 Tia Indria, Budiman Purba, Fandi Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Estimated Land Lease Value Of Pt. Subasuka Go In Increasing Local Government Revenue (Pad) Kupang City (Case Study Pt Subasuka Go Pasir Panjang)
This study aims to determine the contribution of the fair rental value of regional assets in the form of land owned by the Kupang City Government which is leased to a private party, namely PT Subasuka Go, located in Pasir Panjang Village, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City. In determining the market value of assets, the cost approach and market approach are used and the acquisition of fair rental rates with capitalization rate analysis using the riskfree rate and recapture rate. The results of this study obtained an estimate of the market value of assets consisting of land values using the market approach of IDR 44,426,760,000, while the estimated fair rental rate of assets is IDR 4,033,949,808 year and rent per day is IDR 11,051,917. By using the fair rental rates from this study, the estimated contribution to Regional Original Income (PAD) for the last five years is 2,01% of the revenue target calculated for 2020-2024. Keywords: Assets, Rental Value, Cost Approach, Market Approach, Regional Original Income (PAD)
Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Damai, Aldarine Molidya, Rikhard T.Ch Bolang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PROFIT QUALITY AND PROFITABILITY ON COMPANY VALUE WITH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AS A MODERATION VARIABLE (EMPIRICAL STUDY ON MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE IN 2020-2022)
This study aims to analyze the effect of earnings quality and profitability on firm value with Good Corporate Governance (GCG) as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2022 period. Firm value is measured using Price to Book Value (PBV), earnings quality is proxied by Total Accruals (TACC), profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), while GCG is proxied by managerial ownership. This research employs a quantitative associative approach using secondary data obtained from the annual financial reports of manufacturing companies published by the IDX. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 41 manufacturing companies observed over a three-year period, yielding a total of 123 observations. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that earnings quality has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Profitability also has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Furthermore, Good Corporate Governance is proven to moderate and strengthen the relationship between earnings quality and firm value. However, Good Corporate Governance does not moderate the relationship between profitability and firm value. These findings suggest that earnings quality and profitability are important factors in enhancing firm value, while the implementation of good corporate governance can increase investors’ confidence in the credibility of the earnings information reported by companies. Keywords: Earnings Quality, Profitability, Firm Value, Good Corporate Governance, Manufacturing Companies
Copyright (c) 2026 Wiliyanto Wiliyanto, MuammarAfif Al Qusaeri, M, Wahab Khasbullah, Fakhurozak Fakhurozak, Muthiatul Khasanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF LAND USE AND INFRASTRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE
This study aims to analyze the effect of land use and infrastructure on economic growth in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara. Land use and infrastructure are important factors in regional development because they support economic activities, increase productivity, and facilitate the distribution of goods and services. However, the archipelagic geographical characteristics of East Nusa Tenggara and the existing limitations in infrastructure are presumed to affect the effectiveness of these factors in promoting economic growth. This research employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-associative method. The study utilized secondary data covering the period 2015–2024 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of East Nusa Tenggara Province and was supported by primary data collected through interviews with relevant institutions. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression to examine the influence of land use and infrastructure on economic growth. The results indicate that land use has a regression coefficient of 0.231 with a significance value of 0.617 (> 0.05), meaning that it does not have a significant effect on economic growth. Infrastructure has a regression coefficient of -0.150 with a significance value of 0.144 (> 0.05), indicating that it also does not significantly affect economic growth. Simultaneously, land use and infrastructure do not have a significant effect on economic growth, as shown by the F-test significance value of 0.194 (> 0.05). The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.441, which means that 44.1% of the variation in economic growth can be explained by land use and infrastructure variables, while the remaining 55.9% is influenced by other factors outside the research model. The study concludes that land use and infrastructure have not yet significantly contributed to economic growth in East Nusa Tenggara Province. This condition is attributed to the suboptimal utilization of land resources, low intensity of productive land use, limitations in infrastructure quality, and the lack of integration between land utilization, infrastructure development, and productive economic sectors. Therefore, development policies should not only focus on physical infrastructure development but also emphasize improving human resources, technology, investment, and the effectiveness of infrastructure utilization to achieve sustainable economic growth. Keywords: Land Use, Infrastructure, Economic Growth, Multiple Linear Regression, East Nusa Tenggara Province.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anjelo abur, Fransina w. Ballo, Olivia l. tomasowa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY-BASED ECOTOURISM IN THE TRADITIONAL VILLAGE OF RATENGGARO, SOUTH-WEST SUMBA REGENCY, TO BOOST LOCAL REVENUE (PAD)
This study aims to formulate a community-based ecotourism development strategy and analyse the role of stakeholders in the Ratenggaro Traditional Village as a sustainable tourism destination in Maliti Bondo Ate Village, Kodi Bangedo District, Southwest Sumba Regency. Ratenggaro Traditional Village possesses the potential for stunning natural beauty, a strategic location and a rich local culture. However, its management has not been optimal, particularly due to a lack of facilities and inadequate infrastructure. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilising descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) to determine the strategic positioning and formulate policy recommendations. The results of the SWOT analysis indicate that the strategic positioning of Ratenggaro Traditional Village falls within Quadrant I (aggressive strategy), signifying that it possesses significant internal strengths and faces substantial external opportunities; consequently, the appropriate strategy is an aggressive growth strategy. The conclusion of this study indicates that the development of Ratenggaro Traditional Village requires the active involvement of stakeholders in creating high-quality activities, facilities, services and experiences, as well as ensuring that tourism benefits are channelled to provide advantages for both the community and the environment. Recommended strategic policies include the development of community-based ecotourism supported by the local government, increased promotion via digital media, the construction of public facilities, and the establishment of formal management structures to ensure sustainability. The implementation of these strategies is expected to increase visitor numbers and length of stay, which will directly strengthen the local economy and contribute to regional tax revenue, thereby boosting local revenue (PAD).
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcela Peso, Cicilia Tungga, Muhammad Mushlih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA CONTENT AND SOCIAL MEDIA INTERACTION ON GENERATION Z'S PURCHASING DECISIONS THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA
Social media as a marketing tool is increasingly becoming the primary focus of companies in today's digital era. This phenomenon is inseparable from shifts in consumer behavior, where individuals increasingly rely on social media as a source of information and interaction. The use of social media as a marketing tool is increasingly becoming the focus of companies in the current digital era. This phenomenon is tied to changes in consumer behavior that increasingly depend on social media as a resource for information and interaction. This study aims to analyze the consumer behavior of Generation Z in using social media when making purchasing decisions. This research employs a quantitative method with descriptive and verification approaches. The data obtained were analyzed by describing the research object, and a verification analysis was performed, which was interpreted descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the respondents' assessments regarding social media content, social media interaction, and purchasing decisions fall into a high category. This means that most respondents agree with the positive statement items for each indicator across all variables. The results of the verification analysis show that the social media content and social media interaction variables have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, both partially and simultaneously. The combined influence of the social media content and social media interaction variables on purchasing decisions is 48.00 percent. Keywords: Social Media Content, Social Media Interaction, Purchasing Decisions
Copyright (c) 2026 Hasanawi Hasanawi, Asyrafinafilah Hasanawi Hasanawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behavior And Infection Prevention During The Postnatal Period At The Kelapa Community Health Center, Kelapa District, West Bangka Regency In 2025
Postpartum infections are a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Infection prevention is highly dependent on maternal behavior during the postpartum period, which is influenced by the level of knowledge and attitudes. At the Kelapa Community Health Center, challenges remain in optimizing self-managed infection prevention by postpartum mothers. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors and postpartum infection prevention at the Kelapa Community Health Center, West Bangka Regency, in 2025. This study was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 56 postpartum mothers, selected using a total sampling technique. The research instrument used a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods using the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). The bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000), attitudes (p = 0.000), and behavior (p = 0.000) and postpartum infection prevention. A Cramer's V value of 0.522 indicates a strong relationship between behavioral variables and infection prevention measures. Mothers with positive behaviors were 16 times more likely to adhere to infection prevention measures than those with poor behaviors. There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior and the prevention of postpartum infections at the Kelapa Community Health Center. It is recommended that healthcare workers enhance education for postpartum mothers regarding infection prevention through continuous counseling, as well as encourage mothers to adopt clean and healthy living behaviors during the postpartum period. Keywords : INTRODUCTION Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior, Postpartum Infection Prevention.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ivana Laira, Hidayani Hidayani, Meinasari Kurnia Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Influencer Narrative Communication in Promoting Skaye Cafe Lampung to Potential Visitors: A Study of Instagram Reels Content on the @aqillaaqtrn Account
This study aims to analyze the forms of narrative communication used by an influencer in promoting Skaye Cafe Lampung to potential visitors through Instagram Reels. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with a post-positivist paradigm. Data were collected through non-participant observation of five Instagram Reels uploaded on the @aqillaaqtrn account, in-depth interviews with key and supporting informants, and documentation. The findings indicate that the influencer applied three forms of narrative communication: experience-based narratives, value-based narratives, and accessibility-based narratives. Experience-based narratives highlighted the atmosphere, facilities, and social experiences at the café. Value-based narratives emphasized promotional offers, affordable prices, and product benefits to attract potential visitors. Accessibility-based narratives focused on the convenience of ordering through online food delivery services. These narrative forms were presented through storytelling that combined visual elements, personal experiences, and persuasive messages, making the promotional content more engaging and relatable. The study concludes that integrating these forms of narrative communication enables influencers to deliver promotional messages more effectively and enhance potential visitors' interest in Skaye Cafe Lampung.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agnes Monica Herwan, M Denu Poyo, Noning Vera Wati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
SELF-REVEALMENT IN INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION THROUGH SECOND ACCOUNTS ON INSTAGRAM AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN THE COMMUNICATION DEPARTMENT AT UNIVERSITAS ABDURRAB
Instagram is not only used as a means of sharing information but also as a space for self-expression. The presence of a second account has become an alternative space for female students to show a more personal side of themselves. The purpose of this study was to understand self-disclosure in interpersonal communication through a second Instagram account among Communication Science students at Abdurrab University. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type through observation, interviews, and documentation of four informants from the classes of 2022 to 2025. The results showed that female students consciously differentiate between public and private identities. The second account is used to express themselves more honestly through uploading Instagram stories and feeds containing daily activities and random things. Through the posts, female students become aware of habits, character, and emotional states. This finding is in line with the Johari Window theory, which explains that individuals have four aspects in self-disclosure: the open area, the blind area, the hidden area, and the unknown area. A limited number of followers and a predominance of close friends creates a sense of security, trust, and emotional closeness, thus encouraging interpersonal communication through direct messages, comments, and likes. Despite greater freedom, female students remain cautious about self-disclosure due to the potential for content to be disseminated through screenshots. This suggests that self-disclosure is selective and serves as a means of negotiating between self-expression and the boundaries of privacy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suci Shinta Lestari, Dea Syakirah, Fenny Anita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
COMMUNICATION PATTERNS AMONG K-POP FAN GROUPS IN THE DIGITAL AGE (A STUDY OF THE TREASURE MAKER PEKANBARU SOCIAL MEDIA GROUP)
The development of digital technology has created new spaces for interaction that encourage the formation of fandom communities through social media. One active community in Pekanbaru is Treasure Maker (Teume), a fandom of the K-Pop boy group Treasure that uses Instagram and WhatsApp as its main communication platforms. This study aims to identify the group communication patterns of the Treasure Maker Pekanbaru community in the digital era. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving administrators, active members, and passive members selected purposively. Data analysis uses Communication Network Theory with the indicators of density, centrality, and pattern of ties. The findings show that the community applies a hybrid communication pattern, combining centralized and two-way communication. Administrators act as the center of the communication network, active members contribute to two-way interactions, while passive members mainly receive information. This communication pattern enables the Treasure Maker Pekanbaru community to effectively disseminate information, maintain member connectedness, and strengthen its existence in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fenny Anita, Wika Apriliayana, Muhamadd Hanif Ahda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Self-Meaning of College Students Use ChatGPT in Social Reality
This study aims to analyze and examine the motives, experiences, and meanings of the social phenomenon regarding how students interact with artificial intelligence (ChatGPT), which has not previously been explored in scientific studies within social phenomenology interactions. In the findings of this study, various data reductions were obtained through interviews with 3 informants and 1 expert data using purposive sampling techniques, resulting in several major themes that can be examined. From the perspective of using Alfred Schutz's main phenomenological theory and Peter L. Berger's supporting theory of social reality construction, it was found that the main motive for students choosing to use ChatGPT is based on aspects of the Because of Motive and In Order to Motive, derived from reasons for use and usage purposes, as well as other conceptual aspects such as Life World, Intersubjective, and Stock of Knowledge, and also in the concept within the theory of social reality construction such as Externalization, Objectivation, Internalization, thus the data findings signify that now the process of interaction between students and artificial intelligence is understood as a social reality within the academic space through a collection of meanings and experiences constructed into the lives of students. Now, students feel that their experience in discussing with artificial intelligence like ChatGPT is very helpful, making them more confident and becoming students who innovate in handling lectures as well as other tasks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dhimas Genta Ramadhan, Eka Yusup https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Teachers' Workload at Sdn Sumur Peuteuy, Baros Subdistrict, Serang Regency
This study aims to analyze the dimensions of teacher workload, identify the factors that influence it, describe the impacts it generates, and formulate workload management strategies for teachers at SDN Sumur Peuteuy, Baros District, Serang Regency. This study employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation study involving four teacher informants selected using purposive sampling, then analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model. The findings indicate that teacher workload is hidden in nature, with the mental dimension being the most dominant. The primary contributing factor is the limited number of teaching staff, followed by educational policy demands and curriculum requirements, as well as workplace dynamics. The impacts include hidden productivity decline, cumulative physical fatigue, and accumulated psychological exhaustion. The workload management strategies currently applied are informal and organic in nature. Teacher workload falls within the moderate to heavy category, necessitating more structured improvement strategies per causative factor across three time horizons, ranging from task distribution remapping to the addition of teaching staff as the most fundamental solution.
Copyright (c) 2026 ilham jagat, Muhammad Suparmoko, Ende Ende https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION TRANSFORMATION AND PROMOTION ON CUSTOMER DECISIONS AT PT FIFGROUP MEDAN II BRANCH
The purpose of this study is to determine how promotions and information transformation influence customer choices for financing services at PT FIF Group Medan II Branch. Information transformation through social media, websites, and applications is crucial due to the evolution of consumer behavior that increasingly relies on digital channels for information seeking. This research methodology is a quantitative associative strategy with accidental sampling. Fifgroup clients are the research population, and the Slovin method is used to calculate a sample size of 78 respondents. Multiple linear regression is used to analyze the data and determine how each independent variable affects the other variables. The research findings indicate that although the promotion variable (X2) has a positive influence on the consumer decision variable (Y), the information transformation variable (X1) also has a positive influence on that variable. From the combination of each variable, it can be concluded that information transformation and promotions have a positive influence on consumer decisions because the F-value = 42.683 is greater than the F-value = 3.12 and the significance value = 0.000 is smaller than the α value = 0.05. SPSS V26 software is used to process data statistically.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eva Margareth Sarah, Mega Ulva Sari Sihombing, Niscaya Hia, Denata Br Tarigan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of Educational Communication Media on Civic Literacy of Students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ismaria Al-Quraniyyah
further indicated that Grade VI students experienced more diverse and intensive media utilization, which corresponded with higher civic literacy levels. The study concludes that the integration of This study was motivated by the uneven level of civic literacy among students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ismaria Al-Quraniyyah, as reflected in the gap between expected learning outcomes and actual achievement in Civic Education. The research aimed to examine the use of educational communication media in Civic Education learning and to analyze the effects of visual learning media, interactive educational media, and simple digital media on students’ civic literacy. A mixed-method approach with a convergent design was employed, integrating qualitative data from interviews and documentation with quantitative data collected through questionnaires administered to 68 Grade I and Grade VI students. The findings revealed that visual media, interactive educational media, and simple digital media each had a positive and significant effect on civic literacy. Simple digital media demonstrated the strongest influence among the three variables. Simultaneous analysis showed that these media collectively explained 80.5% of the variance in students’ civic literacy. Qualitative findings visual, interactive, and digital educational media effectively enhances civic literacy and highlights the importance of strengthening digital infrastructure and teachers’ digital competencies to improve citizenship education at the elementary level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Wahyu Dhiva, Budhi Wakito, Wawan Hermawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect Of Product Quality And Price Perception On Customer Satisfaction On E-Commerce Platforms In Indonesia
This study aims to analyze and explain the partial and simultaneous effects of product quality and price perception on customer satisfaction across e-commerce platforms in Indonesia, while identifying the most dominant predictor. Grounded in the Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT), this quantitative research employs a causal-associative design targeting active e-commerce users in Indonesia. Utilizing a non probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling approach, data were gathered from 400 valid respondents via an online Likert-scale questionnaire. The primary data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis after fulfilling all instrument tests (validity and reliability) and classical assumption requirements. The empirical findings reveal that product quality has a positive and significant partial effect on customer satisfaction, confirming that the alignment between a physical product's attributes and its digital description triggers a positive confirmation of expectations. Similarly, price perception exerts a positive and significant partial impact on customer satisfaction, highlighting the critical role of price fairness and radical information transparency for digital consumers. Simultaneously, product quality and price perception collectively account for 58.4% ($R^{2}=0.584$) of the variance in customer satisfaction. Crucially, this study resolves the ongoing research gap in existing literature by establishing that product quality is the most dominant determinant influencing satisfaction. This proves that modern digital consumers in Indonesia prioritize physical performance, specifications, and product authenticity over mere low-price comparisons. Consequently, e-commerce platform operators are strongly advised to tighten their curation systems and seller standardization to mitigate digital information asymmetry. Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, E-Commerce, Expectation Confirmation Theory, Product Quality, Price Perception.
Copyright (c) 2026 Reni Febriani, Dihan Baslayn, Mirza Khairusy, Alan Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Legal Analysis Of The Restorative Justice Approach In Resolving Cases Involving Victims Of Drug Abuse At The Police Level (A Case Study In The Jurisdiction Of The Banten Provincial Police)
This study aims to critically examine the implementation of the Restorative Justice approach in handling cases of drug abuse victims at the police level based on the Republic of Indonesia National Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021. The research method used is normative juridical with a descriptive-prescriptive nature and a statute approach. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study indicate a fundamental conceptual paradigm conflict between the restorative justice mechanism in Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 and the mandatory rehabilitation instrument contained in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. In the law, rehabilitation tends to be constructed as part of the criminalization instrument (punitive), while the Police Regulation prioritizes investigative disclosure (non-litigation) for social recovery. In the implementation of the system, overlapping regulations between law enforcement institutions and unclear victimological parameters trigger legal openness and the risk of disparities in the field. This study concludes that a comprehensive revision of Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021 is necessary to harmonize technical regulations for victims of drug abuse and strengthen institutional synergy to achieve transparent substantive justice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marthin Naibaho, Benny Irawan, Rena Yulia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Estimated Fluorinated Compounds Exposure from Waterproof Eye Cosmetics Use in Women of Reproductive Age
Waterproof eye cosmetic are currently trending because they are a great choice for consumers who want to get long-lasting products. Research on fluorinated compounds has found high levels of fluorine in products advertised as 'wear-resistant' or 'long-lasting. Exposure to PFAS is found to cause immune suppression, liver disease, cancer, decreased fertility and low birth weight. This study aimed to determine the exposure to fluorinated compounds through the use of waterproof eye cosmetics in women of childbearing age. This study was conducted from October to December 2023. The study sample amounted to 334 women consisting of 101 high school students, 127 college students, and 106 bank employees spread across the provinces of West Sumatra, Riau, and West Java, data were obtained by filling out a 73-items research questionnaire. The results showed that the frequency of use of waterproof eye cosmetics in the last 6 months was different for each respondent group. 90% of the respondents used mascara. Silicones compounds, acrylates, and color additives were the most common compounds found in the ingredients of the waterproof eye cosmetics used by the respondents. The highest estimated systemic exposure dose of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) compounds was found in high school student respondents with an average of 0,22 x 10-7 kg/BW/day followed by bank employees (0,15 x 10-7kg/BW/day) and collage student (0,14 x 10-7 kg/BW/day. It can be concluded that the rate of use of waterproof eye cosmetics is high in women of reproductive and high school students have a greater potential to be exposed to fluorinated compounds.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadia Zerlinda, Fitratul Ilahi, Husna Yetti, Eka Nofita, Kemala Sayuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF MOBILE SAMSAT SERVICES, E-SAMSAT, AND TAX AMNESTY ON THE REALIZATION OF MOTOR VEHICLE TAX REVENUE IN ENDE REGENCY
This study aims to determine the effect of Mobile Samsat services, E-Samsat, and Tax Amnesty on Motor Vehicle Tax (PKB) Revenue in Ende Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach with a causal associative research method. The data used were secondary data in the form of PKB realization reports, Mobile Samsat service data, revenue realization data through E-Samsat, and Tax Amnesty data obtained from the Ende Regency SAMSAT Office for the 2022–2025 period. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS version 26. The results showed that Mobile Samsat partially influenced PKB revenue realization, E-Samsat had no effect on PKB revenue realization, and Tax Amnesty did influence PKB revenue realization. Simultaneously, Mobile Samsat, E-Samsat, and Tax Amnesty influenced Motor Vehicle Tax Revenue Realization in Ende Regency, while other factors were outside this research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kesia Djami, Herly Oematan, Olivia Tomasowa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
SERVICE MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS AT KING STYLE BARBERSHOP TO IMPROVE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
This study aims to analyze service management at King Style Barbershop to improve customer satisfaction. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of online review documentation. The study involved eight informants, including the owner, employees, and customers. The results were analyzed based on the five dimensions of SERVQUAL (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy). The findings indicate that King Style Barbershop has successfully implemented good service management, particularly in the areas of tangibles, responsiveness, and assurance. Cleanliness, comfortable premises, and friendly employee interactions are key factors in customer satisfaction. However, there is still variation in service consistency (reliability) between barbers and uneven levels of personalization (empathy), especially when customers are served by different barbers. The implications of this study provide strategic recommendations in the form of developing consultation SOPs, a customer preference recording system, implementing online bookings, and ongoing training to consistently and sustainably improve service standards.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadya Ernada, Asrindah Nasution, Sri Mulyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CONSUMER BUYING INTEREST AT THE ALTIC HOUSEWARE STORE IN MEDAN
This study aims to determine the effect of service quality on consumer purchasing interest at the Altic Houseware Store in Medan. The background of this study is based on the increasingly tight competition in the household goods retail business which requires business actors to improve service quality to attract and retain consumers. Service quality is considered as one of the important factors that can influence consumer purchasing interest. The research method used is a quantitative approach with an associative research type. The population in this study were all consumers of the Altic Houseware Store in Medan with an average of 4,500 people per month. The research sample was determined using the Slovin formula of 98 respondents with an accidental sampling technique. Data collection techniques were carried out through a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis used validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, simple linear regression analysis, t-tests, and coefficients of determination (R²). The results showed that service quality had a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing interest. This is evidenced by the calculated t-value of 16.337 with a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). The regression equation obtained is Y = 5.873 + 0.418X, indicating that any increase in service quality will increase consumer purchasing interest. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.735 indicates that service quality can explain 73.5% of the variation in consumer purchasing interest, while the remaining 26.5% is influenced by other factors outside the study. Thus, it can be concluded that service quality plays a very important role in increasing consumer purchasing interest at the Altic Houseware Store in Medan. Therefore, the store is advised to continuously improve service quality to increase consumer appeal and loyalty.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alda Febriani, Teuku Fahmi, Teguh dwi putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRICE ON PURCHASING DECISIONS FOR WARDAH COSMETICS AT BRASTAGI SUPERMARKET CEMARA, MEDAN CITY
This study aims to determine the influence of product quality and price on purchasing decisions for Wardah cosmetics at Brastagi Supermarket Cemara in Medan City. The background of this study is based on the importance of understanding the factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions, particularly in the increasingly competitive cosmetics industry. The independent variables in this study are product quality and price, while the dependent variable is the purchase decision. The research method used was a quantitative method with an associative approach. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires distributed to consumers who had purchased Wardah cosmetics at Brastagi Supermarket Cemara in Medan City. Data analysis techniques used included validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R-square). The results showed that product quality partially had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, and price also had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, product quality and price simultaneously had a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Price was the most dominant factor influencing purchasing decisions. The coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.644 indicates that 64.4% of purchasing decisions can be explained by product quality and price, while the remaining 35.6% is influenced by other variables outside the study. Based on the research results, it is recommended that companies continue to improve product quality and maintain competitive pricing strategies to increase consumer purchasing decisions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafiyyah Amaliyyah Nasution, ASRINDAH Nasution, sri mulyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT CV. SIMBAT JAYA MEDAN CAR RENTAL SERVICES
This study is entitled The Effect of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at CV. Simbat Jaya Car Rental Services in Medan. This research is motivated by the importance of service quality in determining customer satisfaction in the service sector. Service quality plays a crucial role in shaping customer perceptions and experiences when using services. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 75 respondents. The data analysis techniques include validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, simple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. Data processing was carried out using SPSS to obtain accurate and reliable results. The results showed that service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. This is indicated by a significance value of 0.000. These findings indicate that better service quality leads to higher customer satisfaction. Thus, service quality has an important role in increasing customer satisfaction in car rental services. Based on the results, it can be concluded that service quality is a key factor in creating customer satisfaction. Therefore, companies are expected to continuously improve their service quality in order to maintain and enhance customer satisfaction sustainably.
Copyright (c) 2026 ilma auliza, teuku Fahmi, Asrindah Nst https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
DIGITAL MARKETING IN ENHANCING BUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS AMONG UMKM (MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES): A CASE STUDY IN THE CULINARY SECTOR
This study aims to determine the implementation of digital marketing strategies and their contribution to improving business competitiveness for UMKM in the culinary sector in Medan City. Using a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach, data was collected through in deptth interview, observations, and documentation of seven UMKM in the culinary sector. The results showed that all informants had implemented social media platforms (Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, and Facebook) in their marketing efforts, but the level of optimization varied. Two groups were identified : those with advanced digital implementation (consistency, creative content, paid advertising, QRIS, data analysis) and those with simple, inconsistent implementation. Digital marketing has been shown to increase competitiveness through expanding market reach, increasing brand awareness, and increasing sales volume. The main obstacles include limited time, knowledge of content creation, understanding of algorithms, and data analysis skills. This study recommends improving content consistency, capacity development through training, and synergy between stakeholders to support the optimization of UMKM digital marketing. Keywords : Digital Marketing, Competitiveness, UMKM, Culinary Sector, Social Media
Copyright (c) 2026 niken niken, farida hanum, sri mulyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGIES (TIKTOK) FOR THE QOQOM DIMSUM WHOLESALE UMKM IN TANJUNG MULIA HILIR URBAN VILLAGE, MEDAN CITY
This study aims to analyze digital marketing via TikTok for the UMKM “Grosir Dimsum Qoqom” in Tanjung Mulia Hilir Subdistrict, Medan City, covering content strategies, the impact on sales, and the challenges encountered. A qualitative descriptive research method was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The study’s informants included the business owner, production staff, and customers. The results indicate that TikTok is utilized through the periodic uploading of content featuring product videos, production processes, price promotions, and ordering information. The use of hashtags, trending music, and comment interactions has successfully expanded promotional reach and boosted consumer interest. TikTok also plays a role in building consumer trust by visually showcasing product quality. The impact of using TikTok is evident in increased engagement, an influx of new customers, and rising sales figures. However, the business faces challenges such as maintaining content creation consistency, limited human resources, algorithm changes, and intensifying competition. Based on a SWOT analysis, the digital marketing strategy via TikTok is considered effective for expanding the market and enhancing the competitiveness of the Dimsum Qoqom UMKM.
Copyright (c) 2026 dinda aulia, teguh dwi putra, ngatno sahputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALYSIS OF HOUSEKEEPING DUTIES IN MAINTAINING CLEANLINESS AND COMFORT IN THE MITRA MEDIKA PREMIERE HOSPITAL
This study aims to analyze the implementation of housekeeping duties in maintaining environmental cleanliness and comfort at Mitra Medika Premiere Hospital. This research is motivated by the importance of hospital environmental cleanliness as part of the quality of healthcare services and the role of housekeeping in creating a safe, comfortable, and hygienic environment for patients. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation and documentation. The results indicate that the implementation of housekeeping duties has been running quite well through the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), clear division of tasks, and coordination between staff. Housekeeping plays a crucial role in maintaining the cleanliness of inpatient rooms, changing linens, managing facilities, and supporting patient comfort. However, several obstacles were encountered in its implementation, such as delays in cleaning under certain conditions and operational limitations. Based on the results, it can be concluded that housekeeping implementation at Mitra Medika Premiere Hospital is in accordance with established standards and has an impact on patient comfort. Improved supervision, discipline, and work evaluation are needed to optimize the quality of hospital cleaning services.
Copyright (c) 2026 suci ayudiah, ngatno sahputra, farida hanum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF THE TWIN ONION CHIPS SME IN INCREASING RESIDENTS' INCOME IN MABAR HILIR VILLAGE, MEDAN CITY
This study examines the role of the Keripik Bawang Nyiur Kembar (Twin Onion Chips) UMKM in increasing the income of residents in Mabar Hilir Village, Medan City. The research problem stems from the limited formal employment opportunities, which limits income for some residents, particularly housewives. The existence of UMKM is an alternative in creating locally-based jobs and helping to increase family income. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with an approach focused on understanding the social and economic conditions of the community. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation with informants consisting of business owners, workers, and local residents. The results show that the Keripik Bawang Nyiur Kembar (Twin Onion Chips) UMKM plays a role in creating employment opportunities for the surrounding community, especially housewives. In addition, this UMKM provides additional income that helps meet family needs and has a social impact in the form of community empowerment and increased local economic activity. However, the UMKM still faces several obstacles such as changing market conditions, limited raw materials, and working conditions. Overall, the Keripik Bawang Nyiur Kembar (Twin Onion Chips) UMKM plays an important role in strengthening the community-based economy
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafira Maulida Hasni, Sri Mulyani, Teuku Fahmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ROLAND BARTHES' SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MEANING OF THE FATHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP IN THE VIDEO CLIP "TERBURANGAN DI WAKTU" BY BARASUARA (2023)
Music videos are a form of audio-visual media that functions not only as a promotional medium for songs but also as a means of conveying social and cultural meanings through visual symbols. One music video that presents an emotional representation of family relationships is “Terbuang in Time” by Baradasar, released in 2023. This music video depicts the changing dynamics of the father-6 child relationship over time, in which the father's role shifts from a caregiver and protector to an individual who is cared for by his child. The research problem addressed in this study concerns how the meaning of the father–child relationship is represented in the music video “Terbuang in Time” by Baradasar (2023). This study employs a qualitative approach using Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis method, which focuses on interpreting signs through three levels of signification: denotation, connotation, and myth. The object of the study is focused on visual scenes representing interactions between father and child within the music video. Data were collected through visual observation, documentation, and literature review related to semiotics, visual communication, and family communication studies. The data analysis process was conducted by identifying visual signs and interpreting their meanings based on Barthes' theoretical framework. The findings indicate that the music video represents the father–child relationship as an emotional bond grounded in affection, care, and intergenerational responsibility. At the levels of connotation and myth, the video constructs meanings related to a child's moral responsibility toward parents, the importance of reciprocity, and shifting societal perceptions of fatherhood. The father is no longer described solely as an authoritative figure but also as an individual characterized by vulnerability and emotional sensitivity. This study is expected to contribute to the development of semiotic studies in audio-visual media, particularly those examining representations of family relationships.
Copyright (c) 2026 M RAHMAN, suci shinta lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH COMMUNICATION TRAINING FOR SMES AT DHARMAWANGSA UNIVERSITY
This research aims to describe the forms of support provided by English language communication training to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) mentored by Dharmawangsa University. A qualitative approach was used to explore in depth the experiences of MSMEs involved in the university’s mentoring programme. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with five trainers, three mentors, and ten MSME operators actively participating in business incubation activities. The findings indicate that the support provided encompasses business management training, guidance on digital marketing, as well as administrative and legal support for business operations. The MSME operators acknowledged that the university’s ongoing mentoring has had a positive impact on enhancing their business capacity and ensuring the sustainability of their enterprises. This study concludes that the active role of English language communication training is crucial in building a campus entrepreneurship ecosystem that empowers local SMEs.
Copyright (c) 2026 sarah Nasution, ASRINDAH Nasution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Internal communication strategy of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia in Post-Merger Cultural Alignment: case study in the customer care group
The consolidation of three state-owned Islamic banks into PT Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) in 2021 represents a major strategic maneuver that yielded significant impact, yet conversely generated serious challenges regarding organizational culture harmonization and internal communication patterns. This study primarily focuses on exploring the internal communication methods deployed by PT Bank Syariah Indonesia to synergize its post-merger corporate culture, tracking manifestations of employee resistance, and examining management's mitigation steps to bridge cultural disparities, specifically within the Customer Care Group. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach, data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis concerning the implementation of the "BSI One Culture" corporate roadmap, which is guided by the AKHLAK core values. Empirical evidence confirms that internal communication strategies play a vital role in fostering employee loyalty and aligning perspectives amidst organizational heterogeneity. Although resistance emerged due to contrasting operational norms from each legacy bank, management utilized various communication channels, including massive socialization, staff engagement programs, and regular culture alignment forums. The conclusion highlights that successful cultural integration is heavily driven by the synchronization of strategic messaging and how employees respond to the communication stimuli provided. This study offers practical recommendations for BSI management to optimize employee engagement while providing a theoretical contribution to the evolution of organizational communication models within the landscape of Islamic financial institution mergers. Keywords: Internal Communication, Merger, Corporate Culture, BSI One Culture, Customer Care Group.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dessy Linda Setiawati, Aprilia Dwi Permatasari, Aprilia Dwi Permatasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Persuasive Communication Strategies Of Property Agents In Increasing Consumer Buying Interest
This article aims to examine persuasive communication strategies used by property agents in increasing consumer buying interest. This study uses a qualitative approach to the literature study method through the review of books and academic publications that are relevant to persuasive communication, marketing communication, the role of property agents, and consumer buying interests. The results show that persuasive communication has an important role in influencing consumer attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing interests in the property sector involving high transaction value and long-term decisions. Effective persuasive communication strategies include interpersonal approaches, clear and transparent delivery of information, tailoring messages to consumer needs, and building trust between agents and consumers. The strategy is able to reduce consumer doubts and strengthen confidence in purchasing decision making. This article concludes that persuasive communication strategies are an important factor in increasing consumer buying interest as well as building long-term relationships in property marketing
Copyright (c) 2026 Wiriyanto Wiriyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE REPRESENTATION OF CORRUPTION IN THE SHORT FILM PIRATES OF TEN THOUSAND BY FICTIVE STUDIOS
Corruption is a social issue that can be depicted through various media, including short films. The film Pirates of Sepuluh Ribuan by Fiktive Studios features various scenes that portray acts of corruption in a simple form through a children’s adventure story. This study aims to examine how corruption is represented in the short film Pirates of Sepuluh Ribuan. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using Roland Barthes’s semiotic analysis method. The research subjects are ten scenes from the film Pirates of Sepuluh Ribuan, analyzed across three levels of meaning: denotation, connotation, and myth. Data collection was conducted through observation of scenes, dialogue, and visual symbols in the film, which were then analyzed descriptively based on Roland Barthes’s concept of the sign. The results indicate that the film Pirates of Sepuluh Ribuan represents corruption through acts of manipulation, abuse of trust, trading of positions, misuse of facilities, abuse of authority, and violations of rules. On the denotative level, the film depicts children’s play activities with a pirate theme. On the connotative level, these activities represent deviant practices in social life. On the mythical level, the film establishes the understanding that corruption can stem from small acts that have become normalized in everyday life. The conclusion of this study indicates that the short film Pirates of Sepuluh Ribuan represents corruption as a form of manipulation, breach of trust, the buying and selling of positions, abuse of power, and the justification for a violation in the interest of certain purposes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suci Shinta Lestari, Cesy Cesy, Fenny Anita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PERCEPTIONS OF THE USE OF THE BLACK BOX.AI DIGITAL PLATFORM AS A LEARNING MEDIUM IN THE DIGITAL AGE AMONGST STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ABDURRAB UNIVERSITY, COHORT OF 2022
In this study, perception is defined as an individual’s cognitive process of receiving, organising and interpreting information. This research aims to explore the perceptions of 2,022 students from the Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Abdurrab regarding the use of the digital platform Black Box.ai as a learning medium in the digital age. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach based on Robert J. Sternberg’s theory of perception, which encompasses sensation, perception, recognition, top-down processing and bottom-up processing. The research informants comprised six students from the Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Abdurrab, class of 2022, who had experience using Black Box.ai in their learning activities. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The data were analysed using the Miles and Huberman model, which comprises data reduction, data display, drawing conclusions, and verification. The findings indicate that students generally hold positive perceptions of the use of Black Box.ai as a digital learning medium. The platform is considered user-friendly, with a simple interface and navigation system, and is helpful in searching for, understanding, and processing course materials, particularly those that are technical and complex. The available features are perceived to improve learning efficiency, speed up information retrieval, and enhance students’ understanding of learning materials compared to conventional learning methods. Based on Sternberg’s theory of perception, students’ prior learning experiences, knowledge, and academic needs influence how they evaluate the benefits and effectiveness of the platform. Nevertheless, students emphasised that lecturers continue to play a vital role in providing explanations, clarification, and reinforcement of learning materials. Overall, Black Box.ai is perceived as having significant potential to support the quality of learning in the future when used wisely and integrated with the role of educators.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fenny Anita, Dewi Salfiati, Muhammad Hanif Ahda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE REPRESENTATION OF IDEAL DOCTOR-PATIENT COMMUNICATION IN THE KOREAN DRAMA ‘HOSPITAL PLAYLIST’ SEASON 1
Communication between doctors and patients is a crucial aspect of healthcare services, as it influences understanding, trust and the success of the healing process. Popular media, such as television dramas, also shape public perceptions of how ideal communication in the medical world should occur. This study aims to examine the portrayal of ideal doctor-patient communication in the Korean drama *Hospital Playlist* Season 1. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The subjects of this study are scenes and dialogues depicting interactions between doctors, patients and patients’ families in the drama. Data collection was carried out through observation and documentation of relevant scenes. Data processing techniques include data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique employs Roland Barthes’ semiotic analysis, which focuses on three levels of meaning: denotation, connotation and myth. The results of the study show that at the denotative level, doctor-patient communication is represented as a hierarchical relationship, where doctors hold medical authority and power, whilst patients are positioned as recipients of medical instructions and decisions. At the connotative level, *Hospital Playlist* portrays doctor-patient communication as empathetic, dialogical and humanistic, as reflected in doctors’ attitudes towards understanding patients’ emotional states, employing persuasive approaches, and fostering a sense of security and trust. At the mythical level, the drama normalises the ideology of patient-centred care, which emphasises that the healing process is not solely focused on medical treatment but also on the quality of communication, interpersonal relationships and human values. In conclusion, *Hospital Playlist* Season 1 functions not only as entertainment but also as a representational medium that shapes the public’s understanding of ideal doctor-patient communication, emphasising the importance of empathy, openness and a patient-centred approach in medical practice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Hanif Ahda, Bagas Indra Herlambang, Fenny Anita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
AN ANALYSIS OF THE VISUAL MEANING OF THE @PSIKOLOGIINDONESIA_ INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT AS A MEDIUM FOR MENTAL HEALTH COMMUNICATION FOR GEN Z IN THE DIGITAL AGE
This study aims to analyse the visual meanings contained in the content of the Instagram account @psikologiindonesia_ as a medium for communicating mental health messages to Generation Z in the digital age. The study employed a qualitative approach using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic analysis, which comprises icons, indices and symbols. Data were collected through observation of the five posts with the highest levels of engagement published during the research period. The findings indicate that the visual meanings represented in the content of @psikologiindonesia_ consistently convey mental health messages that are educational, reflective and persuasive. The visuals not only depict the realities of Generation Z’s social media life but also encourage self-awareness, emotional regulation and healthy social media behaviour as means of maintaining psychological well-being. The combination of icons, indices and symbols in each post creates strong, systematic and easily understood meanings for the audience. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the content of the Instagram account @psikologiindonesia_ effectively conveys mental health messages through visual elements that are relevant to the needs of Generation Z, amidst the increasing use of social media as a source of mental health education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suci Shinta Lestari, Zimanda Herko Netri, Fenny Anita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
FNOTEBOOK'S DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGY IN BUILDING CONSUMER TRUST
This study examines the social media strategies implemented by FNotebook in building consumer trust in Majalengka Regency. The rapid development of digital communication has encouraged business actors to utilize social media, especially Instagram, as a medium for promotion and interaction with consumers. The purpose of this study is to identify Instagram-based social media strategies used by FNotebook in building consumer trust through content management, customer interaction, and digital communication patterns. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that FNotebook builds consumer trust through consistent content uploads, transparent product information, responsive communication in direct messages and comments, as well as the publication of customer testimonials. These strategies contribute to strengthening brand credibility and creating closer relationships with consumers. It can be concluded that Instagram-based social media strategy plays an important role in building consumer trust and supporting business sustainability in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eza aenal aripin, Teddy Maulana Hidayat Sudirman, Titih Nurhaipah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0